ʻO ka maʻi diabetes (DM) kekahi o nā ʻano maʻamau a koʻikoʻi hoʻi o nā maʻi endocrine. Hiki iā ia ke hānau a hoʻomohala lohi paha. I nā wā mua, ʻaʻole hōʻike iki nā ʻōuli, kahi mea paʻakikī e ʻike pono i ka maʻi. Kūpono paha ka poʻe momona loa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi kō II, no laila, e lilo ke kāʻai ʻana i kauka i hoʻokahi o nā ʻano hana o ka mālama ʻana iā lākou, a no ka poʻe momona loa, he ʻano nui ia no ka pale ʻana.
Nā Kumuhana Nutritional no Diabetes
Ua hōʻuluʻulu ka hui ʻo Diabetes ʻAmelika i kekahi mau kumuhana nutritional i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā maʻi metabolic i nā mea maʻi, a ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke olakino a lohi i ka holomua o ka maʻi. Pono ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kō i ka nānā ʻana i nā pae kō kō i loko o ka lā - pono ia ma loko o ka pae maʻamau (calorifier). Hiki ke hana i kēia ma ka normalizing meaʻai, akā inā hoʻomau kekahi i ka hyperglycemia, a laila hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau insulin nona. Pono e hoʻonā wale ʻia nā nīnau āpau o ka hoʻōla me ke kauka hele a hoʻomanaʻo i ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau ʻaʻole ia e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka papaʻai olakino.
Pono e helu ʻia ka ʻai Caloric ma muli o nā pono o ke kino (kaupaona, kiʻekiʻe, makahiki) a me ka nohona. Ma aneʻi, e like me ka poʻe olakino, ʻo ka nui o kāu hana, ʻo ka nui o nā calori e pono ai. Pono e nānā pono ʻia i ka lakio o nā protein, nā momona a me nā haʻuki.
ʻO ka helu o nā meaʻai, me nā meaʻai māmā, he 5-6 mau manawa. Paipai nā Nutristists i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā papaʻai hoʻokaʻawale e pale i ka ukana glycemic a me nā kui i ke kō kō.
Carbohydrates
ʻO ke kaulike o nā huehue i ka papaʻai o nā mea maʻi diabetic e pono ai ma ke kaha o 40-60%. Ma muli o ka hōʻeha ʻana o kēia mau kānaka i ka metabolism ʻōpelu, pono pono e kūkulu i kahi papa kuhikuhi e pili ana i nā haʻuki. Manaʻo ʻia he pono nā diabetics e hōʻalo i nā meaʻai kō a me nā meaʻai me kahi GI kiʻekiʻe, akā ua ʻike ka ʻepekema ʻoiai ʻo ka lawelawe nui ʻana i nā huaʻāpika ʻoi loa e alakaʻi i kahi lele i nā pae kō, no laila e kāohi ʻia kā lākou ʻai.
Eia kekahi, ʻōlelo ka poʻe meaʻai meaʻai i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes o kēlā me kēia ʻano e nānā i ka glycemic index i ke koho ʻana i nā huahana. Pono e hoʻomau mau ʻia ka nui o nā carbohydrates i kēlā me kēia lā me ka ʻole o nā mea ʻai.
No kēia, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe meaʻai meaʻai e hoʻohana i ka manaʻo o ka "bread unit" (XE) - kahi ana e like me 12-15 grams o nā carbohydrates digestible. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole 12-15 g o ka huahana, akā nā kalapona i loko. Hiki iā ia ke 25 g o ka berena, 5-6 mau kuki, 18 g o ka oatmeal, 65 g o ka ʻuala a i ʻole 1 mau ʻāpala. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo 12-15 g o nā kalapona e hoʻonui i ka pae kōpaʻa e 2,8 mmol / l, e koi ana i 2 mau ʻāpana. insulina. ʻO ka helu o nā "ʻāpana berena" i hoʻokahi pāʻina e pono ma ka laulā mai ka 3 a hiki i ka 5. E kōkua nā papa XE i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai a ʻaʻole e hele ma mua o ka nui o nā carbohydrates.
kona kaikea a
Pono ka nui o ka momona i kēlā me kēia lā i loko o 50 g. I ka maʻi maʻi mellitus, pono e kaupalena ʻia nā momona saturated mai ka ʻiʻo (kehipa, puaʻa, duck). No ka pale ʻana i ka atherosclerosis, pono ʻoe e kaupalena i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka cholesterol (aka, lolo, puʻuwai). I ka huina, ʻo ka hapa o ka momona i ka meaʻai o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ma mua o 30% o nā calorie āpau. ʻO kēia mau mea, he 10% ka momona momona mai nā huahana holoholona, 10% polyunsaturated a me 10% monounsaturated momona.
Nā Paena
ʻO ka nui o nā protein i kēlā me kēia lā i ka papaʻai o nā diabetics he 15-20% o ka lawe calorie. I ka maʻi ʻōpū, pono e kaupalena ʻia ka protein. Pono kekahi mau waeʻano o ka poʻe i nā meaʻai protein. ʻO kēia nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio me ka maʻi kō, nā wahine hāpai a lactating, nā poʻe me nā pilikia a me ka luhi o ke kino. No lākou, helu ʻia nā pono ma muli o 1,5-2 g no kilo o ke kaumaha o ke kino.
Nā ʻāpana mana ʻē aʻe
ʻO nā koi no nā ʻāpana meaʻai ʻē aʻe:
- Hoʻoponopono ka fiber i ke kō i ke kō, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka digestion, a hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka lawe ʻia o ka cholesterol. ʻO nā pono o ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes i ka fiber dietary kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku ma kahi o 40 g / lā;
- ʻO nā meaʻono kahi pani maikaʻi loa no ke kō a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā spike i ke kō glucose. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kahi noiʻi hou o kēia mau lā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa calorie haʻahaʻa he mea makaʻu ʻole ke hoʻopau ʻia i loko o nā mea i kuhikuhi ʻia a ka mea hana.
- Pono ka paʻakai ma kahi o 10-12 g / lā;
- ʻO 1,5 liters ka makemake o ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā;
- Hiki ke uku ʻia nā huaora a me nā minela e nā hoʻomākaukau multivitamin paʻakikī, akā i ka wā e hōʻuluʻulu ai i kahi meaʻai, pono e hōʻoia i ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o nā mea kī i ka meaʻai. I ka ʻai ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi, ʻo ia ka zinc, ke keleawe a me ka manganese, i komo i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pae kō.
No ka poʻe ʻike maikaʻi ʻole i nā protein, nā momona a me nā momona, nā ʻāpana o ka berena a me nā mea ʻai ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka me ka papaʻai olakino helu 9. Lilo ia i ka manaʻo nui o ka poʻe me diabetes mellitus. Ma mua o kēlā, pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka a hoʻopili i ka papaʻai i kāu pono physiological (calorizator). Ma ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, e hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i nā meaʻai a hiki ke hoʻonui palekana i kāu papaʻai.