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ʻIke pono no ka lawaiʻa e pili ana i ka bream kālā
Aia ʻo Gustera i ke ʻano o nā cyprinid. He iʻa kula liʻiliʻi kokoke i ka bream. ʻOkoʻa ia mai ka hope wale nō i ka helu a me kahi o nā niho pharyngeal - ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao he 7 o lākou i ʻelua lālani. He kino kiʻekiʻe kona me ka puʻu i ʻike ʻia, he poʻo liʻiliʻi, ʻano nui nā maka. Aia ma hope o ka ʻūhā ventral he kiele i uhi ʻole ʻia me nā unahi. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao o ka bream he kala, ʻo ke kua he hina-uliuli. I ka pūnāwai a me ka hāʻule ʻana, hana ʻia nā pūʻulu paʻa, no laila ka inoa. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o kēia iʻa ke hiki i 35 knm, a me ke kaumaha - 1,3 kg. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka nui o nā iʻa he 100-200 g ka mea i ʻai.
Nā ala e hopu ai i ka bream
Paʻa ʻia ʻo Gustera ma lalo a lana ka lāʻau lawaiʻa. He liʻiliʻi a he iwi iwi ka iʻa, no laila ʻaʻole maopopo ka manaʻo o ka poʻe lawaiʻa i kēia iʻa. ʻO kahi koho kūpono no ka lawaiʻa haʻuki, no ka mea inā koho ʻoe i kahi wahi hoʻohiki a hele i ka ʻohana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i nā mea ʻoi aku ma lalo o hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka lā holoʻokoʻa. I ke kauwela, ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka bream kālā i ka maunu, no ka mea he nui nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe. Hoʻololi nā mea a pau i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hāʻule, ke hoʻomākaukau nei ka iʻa no ka hoʻoilo. I loko o kēia manawa, hānai ikaika ka bream a hoʻomaikaʻi ka nahu. Ke koho ʻana i ka nui o ka maunu a me nā makau, e hoʻomanaʻo he waha liʻiliʻi ka bream.
ʻO ka hopu ʻana i ka ʻai ma luna o ka donka
Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano lawaiʻa i nā hihia kahi mamao loa ka iʻa mai ke kahakai, a ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea lawaiʻa ke hele i kahi o ka lawaiʻa. ʻAʻole kaulana ka hopu ʻana i kēia iʻa ma luna o ka ʻeke, akā i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka "gum" a i ʻole ka "rolling donk" i ʻike ʻia ma nā kahawai hema, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i kahi hopena.
Ka hopu ʻana i ka bream ma ke koʻokoʻo lana
He maʻalahi loa kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, no laila pono e hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia ke koʻokoʻo lana. ʻO ka ʻāpana keʻa o ka laina lawaiʻa nui he 0,2 mm, ma ka hopena - kahi leash ʻaʻole mānoanoa ma mua o 0,15 mm. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi sinker composite, kahi hale (me ke anawaena ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 2-3 mm) kau ʻia ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 cm mai ka makau. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻike o ka bream i nā mea āpau keʻokeʻo e like me ka meaʻai hiki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pena keʻokeʻo i ka makau. Inā holo ka lawaiʻa ma kahi hohonu o ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 m, a laila hoʻohana ʻia kahi lana hoʻoheheʻe, a me kahi reel inertialess, hāʻawi i ka lawaiʻa kiʻekiʻe mai kahi hohonu. E like me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻike ʻia ka nahu maikaʻi i ka ua a me ka hekili.
Ka hopu ʻana i nā mea hoʻoilo kālā bream
I ka hoʻoilo, hopu ʻia ka bream me kahi koʻokoʻo lana a me kahi mormyshka. Hōʻike ʻia ka nahu ʻana e ka huki ʻana, ka hāpai ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻoemi iki ʻana i ka lana. Hānai ʻia lākou i nā mote. Hoʻopili ʻia ka bream ma ka mormyshka e like me ka bream, koe wale nō ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka maunu.
Maunu
ʻO ke ʻano o ka maunu ma muli o ke kau. I ka pūnāwai, makemake ka bream i nā ilo koko a me nā ilo lepo. I ke kauwela, he nāwaliwali kona no ka palaoa a me ka maggot, i ka hāʻule ʻana, e lilo ka iʻa a me ka ʻiʻo mormysh i mea momona maikaʻi loa. Loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi loa ma ka hānai ʻana i ka bream kālā i kekahi mau lā ma mua o ka hopu ʻana, a pololei i ka wā o ka "huli". Ua pane maikaʻi ʻo Gustera i nā ʻano hui like ʻole o ka mea kanu kumu, i manaʻo ʻia no ka grafting crucians a me ka carps. Hana ʻia ka maunu ma ke ʻano like me ka hopu ʻia ʻana o ka iʻa, akā ma ka nui e ʻae ʻole ai e ʻai. I ka hoʻoilo a i ka lawaiʻa ʻana mai ka moku, ʻo ka hopena maikaʻi loa e loaʻa i kahi mea hānai i kahi mika mai kahi o ka makau me kahi nozzle, kahi liʻiliʻi i uka.
Nā wahi lawaiʻa a me nā wahi noho
Ua laha nui ia ma Europa. Noho i nā muliwai a me nā loko o nā kīʻaha o Caspian, Azov, Black, Baltic a me North Sea. Loaʻa nā hōʻailona nui loa ma ka wai hohonu kokoke i ke kaʻe o nā auwai, ma nā puka o ka ʻauwai lalo, ma ka waha hohonu o ke kahawai. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia nā wahi lepo, ʻoiai ʻo ka meaʻai nui o nā iʻa nui he invertebrates, ʻaʻole he koko. ʻAi nui ka poʻe mākua i nā larvae chironomid, mollusks, caddisflies, algae, detritus, i kekahi manawa nā inike lewa, a me nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe.
ʻOhana
Hana ʻia ka spawning i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau ʻāpana me ka hoʻomaha o 10-15 mau lā. Ke emi nei ke anawaena o nā hua me kēlā me kēia notch a ʻokoʻa mai ka 1,2 a 0,2 mm. ʻO ka nui o nā hua he 11-109 tausani. I loko o nā waihona wai hana, e emi ana ka nui o nā ʻāpana, a ua hoʻololi kekahi mau wahine i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i hoʻokahi manawa. ʻO ka manawa hoʻomaka ka hopena o Mei-ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune. Ka lōʻihi - mai hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa. Hoʻopili ʻo Caviar i nā mea kanu wai, ʻike ʻia nā larvae ma hope o ʻehā a ʻeono lā. I ka wā mua, ʻai nā ʻōpio i ka zooplankton a me ka phytoplankton, a ma hope o ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻano benthic liʻiliʻi. Ke ulu mālie nei ka bream, a hiki i ke oʻo ʻana i ka wahine i ka makahiki 3-4 mau makahiki.