Ma kahi o 60% o nā kāne i kēia lā ua mākaukau lākou e hoʻohana i ka contraception. Eia nō naʻe, ua kaupalena ʻia ka spectrum o nā mea pale kāne kāne no ka manawa a ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa kekahi mau hana maʻamau. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, e hāʻule mau ana ka pale ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana, i ka hapa nui o nā hihia, i ka wahine. He aha nā ʻano hana maʻamau o ka pale ʻana i nā kāne i kēia lā? He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau kāne pono loa? Nānā nui.

ʻO ka condom kāne ka mea hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka contraception kāne: 21% o nā kāne i hoʻohana ia mea ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

He aha ka condom kāne?

ʻO ka condom kāne kekahi o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "barrier" reversible contraceptive method a he membrane lahilahi, maʻamau i hana ʻia me ka latex, e kau ʻia ma luna o ka penis ma mua o ka moe ʻana, e pale i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka hua i loko o ka ʻōpū. Manaʻo ʻia ka condom kāne, e like me ka Haute Autorité de Santé, "i ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi hoa paʻa a i ʻole ke ʻano hana hoʻololi e mālama ʻia inā loaʻa i kekahi manawa hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō ʻole i ke ʻano hormonal".

He pono anei ka condom?

Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka condom kāne he mea hoʻopale hāpai maikaʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo,ʻo kāna helu helu Pearl, ka mea e hiki ai ke loiloi i ka pakeneka o ka "accidental" pregnancies ma luna o hoʻokahi makahiki o ka hoʻohana maikaʻiʻana, heʻoiaʻiʻoʻo 2. Akā,ʻo ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo, he emi loa ka condom i ka paleʻana i nā'ōpū. makemake ʻole ʻia me ka helu hāʻule ma kahi o 15% ma muli o kāna mau kūlana hoʻohana. ʻO kēia mau hemahema ka mea maʻamau i ka haʻihaʻi condom, akā no kona hoʻohana ʻole ʻana, a i ʻole kona haʻalele ʻana i ka wā o ka moekolohe.

He aha nā pono a me nā pōʻino o ka condom kāne?

Eia nō naʻe, he nui nā pōmaikaʻi o ka condom kāne a me kona mau hemahema, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia.

Ma waena o kona mau pono :

• ʻO kona hiki ke loaʻa : ʻAʻole kūʻai ʻia nā condom a loaʻa ākea (nā hale kūʻai kūʻai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, etc.)
• ʻO kona kūpono e kū'ē i nā maʻi i laweʻia e ka wahine : ʻo ka condom (kāne a wahine paha) ʻo ia wale nō ke ʻano hoʻopaʻapaʻa e kūʻē i nā STI. No laila, ʻōlelo ʻia i nā pilina pilikua (nui nā hoa, nā pilina pili ʻole) a i ʻole ka pilina paʻa.
• ʻO kona kūlike me kekahi ʻano hana contraceptive (ka wahine hormonal a i ʻole intrauterine contraception, spermicide, etc.), me ka ʻole o ka condom wahine.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo, hiki i ka condom ...

• hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hopena i ka poʻe me ka maʻi allergy i ka latex. Ma kahi kūpono, pono e koho ʻia nā condom polyurethane, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kahi pilikia allergy.

• lilo ka pono inā hoʻohana hewa ʻia, no laila ke koʻikoʻi o ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i nā hana maikaʻi (e kau pono i ka condom ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moekolohe, e paʻa me kou lima i ka wā e wehe ai, etc.)
• hiki ke pahee a nahaha. No laila, ʻaʻole ia i ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i nā lubricants i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka aila me ka condom latex kāne, i ka hopena o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka latex a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka haki ʻana o ka contraceptive.
• hoemi a hoololi paha i na manao i ka wā o ka moekolohe i kekahi mau mea hoʻohana.

He aha ke kumukūʻai o kēia hoʻopaʻa keiki kāne?

ʻO ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o kahi condom kāne ma waena o 50 a me 70 keneta o ka ʻāpana. A kū'ē i ka manaʻo nui, hiki ke uhi ʻia ka condom e Health Insurance ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, mai ka makahiki 2018, hiki ke uku hou ʻia kekahi mau pahu, i loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki i 60% inā ua kuhikuhi ʻia lākou e ke kauka a i ʻole ka pale keiki (ma ke kumu kūʻai kūʻai o $ 1,30, € 6 no ka pahu o 2,60, € 12 no ka pahu o 5,20 a me € 24 no ka pahu o XNUMX.). Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou me ka uku ʻole ma nā kikowaena hoʻolālā ʻohana.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka interruption of coitus, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ke ʻano withdrawal, e kahi o 5% o nā kāne ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, 8% ma Farani. Ua loaʻa ka kaulana i ka wā o ka "pilikia pill" a me ka nīnau ʻana i ka contraception hormonal wahine i ka makahiki 2012.

He aha ke ʻano o ka wehe ʻana?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka wehe ʻana, e like me ka manaʻo o ka inoa, ka wehe ʻana i ka penis mai ka ʻōpū a me ka wahi a puni ka vulva ma mua o ka ejaculation. No laila, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano hana hoʻohālikelike kāne "kūlohelohe", kekahi o nā mea liʻiliʻi me nā hana i kapa ʻia ʻo "thermal".

ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana he hana hoʻopono kāne kūpono?

Ma ke kumukānāwai, me ka helu momi o 4, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka coitus interrupted, e like me ka Haute Autorité de Santé, ma ke ʻano o ka contraception kāne kūpono… ʻoiai ke hoʻohana pono ʻia a maʻamau. Akā i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, kiʻekiʻe loa ka helu hāʻule (27%). No laila ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ke ʻano withdrawal wale nō e nā limahana mālama ola.

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o ke ʻano withdrawal?

ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o ke ʻano withdrawal ʻo ia “hiki ke komo” : manuahi, loaʻa i nā kūlana āpau, me ka ʻole o nā contraindications, no laila ua manaʻo ʻia "ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka ʻole".

Akā ʻo kāna drawback nui e mau ana palena palena. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole pono kēia ʻano i ka mana kūpono o ka ejaculation (ʻaʻole ia i nā manawa a pau), akā inā ʻo ia ka "ʻike" ka hihia, ʻo ka wai pre-seminal (kahi ma mua o ka sperm a me ka ejaculation a no laila hiki ke waiho ʻia. i loko o ka vagina) loaʻa i ka sperm a no laila hiki ke hoʻomomona i kahi oocyte i ka wā o ka ovulation. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole pale ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka moekolohe.

ʻO ka Vasectomy kahi ʻano o ka sterilization no nā kumu contraceptive (a i ʻole contraception definitive ma ka ʻōlelo o kēlā me kēia lā) i hoʻohana ʻia e 2% o nā kāne ma ka honua, ʻaʻole ma lalo o 1% ma Farani. He hopena maikaʻi loa, akā, manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi. No laila, ʻōlelo ʻia wale no nā kāne e makemake ana i kahi ʻano hana kūʻokoʻa mau a pono ke kumuhana o ka ʻike nui a me ka noʻonoʻo.

He aha ka vasectomy?

ʻO ka Vasectomy kahi hana e ālai ai i nā vas deferens, kahi e hiki ai i ka sperm ke kahe mai nā hōʻike. Ma hope o ka vasectomy, no laila, ʻaʻohe spermatozoa (azoospermia) i loko o ka semen, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomoʻi ʻia o ka oocyte ma hope o ka ejaculation (a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hāpai ʻia).

He pono anei ka vasectomy?

He mea maikaʻi loa ka Vasectomy. ʻO kāna helu helu Pearl theoretical he 0,1% i ke kumumanaʻo a me 0,15% i ka hana o kēia manawa. No laila, kakaikahi loa nā hāpai ʻana i manaʻo ʻole ʻia.

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o ka vasectomy?

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka vasectomy ma mua o kona pono. ʻO kāna mau mea maikaʻi ʻē aʻe?

• ʻAʻole pili ia i ka hana erectile, no ka mea ʻaʻole pili ia, e like me ka mea hiki ke manaʻoʻiʻo pinepine, ka hana ʻana o nā hormones kāne. ʻO ka maikaʻi o ke kūkulu ʻana, ka nui o ka ejaculate, mau nā manaʻo.
• ʻAʻole kaohi i kēlā me kēia lā a me ka lōʻihi loa.
• Hoʻomanawanui maikaʻi loa ke ʻoki ʻana.

Ma waena o kāna mau mea maikaʻi ʻole, he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo i ka vasectomy ...

• hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi: ʻO nā ʻenehana o kēia manawa i manaʻo ʻia e hana hou i nā vas deferens me nā hopena maopopo ʻole. No kēia kumu, ua manaʻo ʻia ka vasectomy he hope loa, ʻaʻole e ʻae i kahi papahana keiki ma hope. ʻO ia ke kumu i kau ʻia ai kahi manawa hoʻomaha o 4 mau mahina. Eia hou, hiki i ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ke noi aku e hana i kahi cryopreservation o ka sperm (freezing of gametes) i loko o kahi kikowaena lapaʻau i hoʻolaʻa ʻia (CECOS).
• ʻaʻole pono koke. Hiki ke loa'a ka sperm ma waena o 8 a me 16 mau pule ma hope o ke ka'ina hana a i 'ole ma hope o 20 ejaculations. No laila ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka contraception hoʻohui no 3 mau mahina ma hope o ka hana ʻana a hoʻonui ʻia a hiki i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka nele o ka sperm e kahi spermogram.
• ʻaʻole ia e pale aku i nā STI,
• hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia postoperative (ke koko, ʻeha, ʻeha, ʻeha, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) ma 1 a 2% o nā hihia. Eia naʻe, hiki ke kākoʻo ʻia kēia mau mea.
• Loaʻa i kekahi mau contraindications : Manaʻo mau ʻo WHO e noʻonoʻo i ka vasectomy i kēlā me kēia hihia e noʻonoʻo i "nā kūlana a me nā kūlana āpau e koi ai i kekahi mau kaʻina". Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau kumu olakino maʻemaʻe ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻopanee ʻana i ka hana e like me nā maʻi kūloko (STIs, epididymitis, orchitis, etc.), nā maʻi ākea a i ʻole gastroenteritis, ka ʻike ʻana o kahi nui i loko o ka scrotum, etc.

He aha ke kumukūʻai o kēia hoʻopaʻa keiki kāne?

ʻO nā kumukūʻai vasectomy ma ka awelika 65 euros a ua uhi ʻia a hiki i 80% e ka Health Insurance.

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano hana ʻokoʻa wela o ke kāne (a i ʻole CMT) i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka wela i ka hānau kāne. Inā he priori lākou i ka manaʻoʻiʻo, no ka manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa a i ʻole ke kumu o ka hōʻoia ʻepekema.

He aha ke ʻano o ka contraception male thermal?

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka CMT ma kahi nānā physiological maʻalahi: no ka maikaʻi o ka spermatogenesis, pono mau nā testes i kahi mahana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kino (ma waena o 2 a me 4 ° C). ʻO ia ke kumu i anatomically ka scrotum ma waho o ke kino. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe loa ka mahana o ka testes, hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ka spermatogenesis. No laila ke manaʻo nei ʻo CMT e hāpai i kēia piʻi ʻana o ka mahana i mea e emi ai ka momona o ka spermatozoa, ʻaʻole e hoʻohua i ka azoospermia. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia hopena e kekahi mau ʻano. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka CMT ma nā ʻauʻau wela (ma luna o 41 ° C). I kēia mau lā, ua kūkulu ʻia nā ʻano ʻelua o ke kiʻekiʻe wela:

• ke komo ʻana i ke kapa komo me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wela wela (24 mau hola i ka lā)
• ka mālama ʻana i nā testicles i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe (kapa ʻia ʻo supra-scrotal) no ka liʻiliʻi loa he 15 mau hola i ka lā, mahalo hou i nā lole lalo. A laila ʻōlelo mākou no ka cryptorchidism artificial.

He mea maikaʻi anei ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ke kāne thermal?

I kēia lā, ʻo ka cryptorchidism artificial ka loiloi loiloi maikaʻi loa i ka hana a Kauka Mieusset. Manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano hana maikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ia ke kumu o nā haʻawina hoʻoponopono hou e noʻonoʻo ai i ka heluna nui. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ma 51 mau kāne a me 536 mau pōʻai hoʻolaha, hoʻokahi wale nō hāpai ʻana, ma muli o ka hewa o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano.

He aha nā mea maikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kāne thermal?

I kēia pae o ka noiʻi ʻana ma kēia wahi, aia ka CMT i ka pono o ka maikaʻi ʻelua, ke hoʻohana pono ʻia kona ʻano hoʻohana, a hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia. Hiki ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi: ʻo ka lōʻihi i ʻōlelo ʻia a hiki i 4 mau makahiki.

Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa kekahi mau hemahema o ka contraception male thermal, ʻo ia hoʻi:

• He mau lāwā pili i ke komo ʻana i ke kapa komo i hoʻolālā ʻia no kēia kumu (manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokahi o ʻelua kāne)
• kekahi kaohi: inā ʻaʻole ʻaʻahu ʻia ke kapa komo no ka liʻiliʻi loa he 15 mau hola o ka lā a inā ʻaʻole i ʻaʻahu ʻia no hoʻokahi lā, ʻaʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo ka hopena contraceptive. Eia kekahi, pono ka hana o nā spermograms maʻamau ma mua o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka pono o ke ʻano (i kēlā me kēia 3 mahina no nā makahiki ʻelua mua, a laila i kēlā me kēia 6 mahina).
• hoʻopaʻa keiki kane wela ʻaʻole ia e pale aku i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka moekolohe (STIs).

Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano i ke ʻano o ka cryptorchidism kūlohelohe (kahi maʻi o ka neʻe ʻana o nā testes, a laila ʻōlelo ʻia he "poorly descended"), testicular ectopia, inguinal hernia, testicular cancer, varicocele. ʻoi aʻe a me nā kāne me ka momona nui. 

• ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa iā CMT, ʻaʻohe mea hana ʻoihana no ka manawa e hiki ai ke loaʻa i ia lole lole ma kahi ākea nui.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā wahine, ʻaʻole hūnā ʻia ka contraception hormonal no ka manawa i nā kāne. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kēia ʻano hana ke kumuhana o nā haʻawina mai ka 1970s a ua hoʻāla ʻia i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau no kekahi mau makahiki.

He aha ka hormonal male contraception?

He ala hoʻohuli ʻia ia o ka contraception e kuhikuhi ana i ka pale ʻana i ka spermatogenesis ma o ka mālama ʻana i ka hormonal. ʻElua ʻano nui o nā protocols i kūkulu ʻia ma kēia wahi:

• ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma muli o ka testosterone wale nō. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia monotherapy ma ka hoʻokomo maʻamau o kahi ʻano o ka testosterone enanthate. Ma hope mai, ua manaʻo ʻia kahi protocol e pili ana i ka testosterone hoʻokuʻu lōʻihi i mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā injections, akā ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia ka hope i kēia manawa ma Farani.
• kahi hui o ka progesterone a me ka testosterone. Ke aʻo ʻia nei kēia protocol ma nā ʻano he nui, akā ʻo ka mea kūleʻa loa i kēia lā he gel e pili ana i ka progesterone a me ka testosterone: Nestorone. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia kāna kālepa ma Farani i kēia manawa.

ʻO ka mea i hala koke aku nei, ua holo maikaʻi kahi papa hana hoʻohālikelike no nā kāne e hui pū ana i ka hana o ka testosterone, androgen a me progesterone i ka pae o nā hoʻokolohua mua ma United States. Kapa ʻia ʻo "11-beta-MNTDC", hiki ke hoʻohuli a ʻaʻohe hopena ʻaoʻao. ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻohiki ʻana, ʻaʻole pono e loaʻa kēia koho i ka pila wahine ma ka mākeke ʻAmelika no kahi o ʻumi makahiki.

He hopena maikaʻi anei ka hoʻopalekana male kāne hormonal?

ʻO ka monotherapy e pili ana i ka testosterone i kēia lā ke ʻano o CMH kahi i loaʻa ai ka hōʻike nui loa. Hoʻokumu nā haʻawina i kāna Index Pearl mai ka 0,8 a i ka 1,4 no ka contraception enanthate-based a ma waena o 1,1 a me 2,3 no ke ʻano hoʻokuʻu mau. No laila hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau kāne hormonal ʻelua he hopena maikaʻi loa. Eia hou, ua loaʻa hou nā kāne e hoʻohana ana ia spermatogenesis maʻamau ma waena o 3 a me 6 mau mahina ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

No Nestorone, he mea hoʻohiki ia: ʻo nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i hana ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hōʻike ana i ka pono o 85% me ka ʻole o nā hopena ʻino.

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kāne hormonal?

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka testosterone monotherapy ma luna o nā mea āpau ka hoʻokōʻana, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻopalekana hormonal wahine. ʻO kēlā me kēia pule, e hōʻike ana nō hoʻi ia, no nā kāne, he mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā o ka pila no nā wahine.

Eia nō naʻe, he nui nā hemahema o kēia ʻano o ka contraception kāne:

• ʻAʻole pono koke : he mea pono e kali i 3 mahina ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau no kēia ʻano.
• Ua kaupalena ʻia i 18 mahina o ka hoʻohana ʻana, no ka nele i ka noiʻi ʻepekema i kona hopena lōʻihi.
• He paʻa loa ia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nānā ʻana : ʻAʻole wale, ʻo ka contraception kāne kāne e pili ana i ka testosterone wale nō e koi i kahi injection i nā manawa maʻamau, akā ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i kahi spermogram e ʻōlelo ʻia i kēlā me kēia 3 mahina a me kahi loiloi biological a me kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i kēlā me kēia 6 mahina.
• Hoʻoikaika ia i ke ʻano o kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka huehue (pinepine), akā i kekahi manawa ka huhū, ka libido nui a i ʻole ka hāʻule o ka libido, ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha ...
• Loaʻa iā ia ka nui o nā contraindications : ʻO nā kāne i hiki ke pōmaikaʻi mai ia mea pono ma lalo o 45 mau makahiki, ʻaʻohe ʻohana a i ʻole ka moʻolelo pilikino o ka maʻi maʻi prostate, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka coagulation, ka puʻuwai, ka hanu a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi psychiatric, ʻaʻole pono (a i ʻole liʻiliʻi) e puhi a inu i ka waiʻona. , ʻaʻole obese…