ʻO Lymphocytes nā hunaola keʻokeʻo (leukosit) i mea nui i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Hoʻomaopopo lākou a hoʻopau ʻole i nā pathogens i loko o ke kino.

Ka helu a me ka nui o nā lymphocytes

LʻO nā lymphocytes nā huna liʻiliʻi. Nui a lehulehu lākou a kū ma waena o 20 a 40% o leukocyte kaapuni i loko o ke kino.

Hoʻokaʻina o nā ʻano limu

ʻEkolu mau pūʻulu lymphocytes i ka nui.

• ʻO lymphocytes B ;
• ʻO lymphocytes ;
• Nā limahana NK.

Synthesis a me ka oʻo ʻana o nā lymphocytes

ʻO ka synthes a me ke oʻo ʻana o nā lymphocytes e hana i nā ʻano ʻelua.

• nā lālā lymphoid mua, nona ka iwi iwi a me kauamu;
• nā limahana lymphoid lua, a i ʻole peripheral, i hoʻopili pū ʻia me nā spleen a me nā lymph node.

E like me nā leukosit a pau, synthesize ʻia nā lymphocytes ma loko o ka ka iwi o ka iwi. E neʻe lākou i nā lālā lymphoid ʻē aʻe e hoʻomau i ko lākou oʻo ʻana. Hana ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā lymphocytes T ma loko o ka timus ʻoiai ʻo ke ʻano ʻana o nā lymphocytes B ma waena o nā limana lymphoid lua.

Kahi a me ka holo ʻana o nā lymphocytes

E like me nā ʻulaʻula o ke koko (nā ʻulaʻula koko) a me nā thrombosit (platelets), hiki i nā lymphocytes ke hoʻopuni i ka ke koko. E like me nā leukosit a pau, he kikoʻī kā lākou e hiki ai ke kaʻapuni i ka lymph. Aia nō nā Lymphocytes ma ka pae o nā lālā lymphoid mua a me ka lua.

ʻO Lymphocytes nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo e hana nui i ka immune nenoaiu. Ma loko o ke kino, hana kēlā me kēia ʻano lymphocyte i kahi hana kikoʻī e kaua aku ai i nā pathogens.

Ke kuleana o NK lymphocytes i ka pane ʻōnaehana o loko

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lymphocytes NK, a i ʻole nā ​​hunaola NK, i ka pane ʻōnaehana ʻōlohelohe, ʻo ia ka pane mua o ke kino i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana e nā pathogens. ʻO ka pane ʻōnaehana ʻōlohelohe koke a pili ia i nā lymphocytes NK, nona ke kuleana e luku i nā hunaola i hoʻopōʻino ʻia e like me nā hunaola a me nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Nā kūlana o ka B a me ka lymphocytes i ka pane pale pale adaptive

L a komo ʻo lymphocytes B a me T i loko o ka pane pale pale adaptive. ʻAʻole like me ka pane ʻōnaehana ʻōlohelohe, ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻāpana ʻelua o ka pane pale pale i kikoʻī. Ma muli o ka ʻae a me ka hoʻopaʻanaʻau o nā pathogens, ka pane adaptive immune pili pū kekahi mau leukocytes me:

• Nā pūnaewele B e hoʻohua i nā mea ʻino, nā proteins paʻakikī me ka hiki ke hoʻomaopopo kikoʻī a hoʻopau i nā pathogens;
• Nā pūnaewele T e ʻike a luku i nā pathogens i kahi ala kikoʻī.

ʻO ka makaʻu o nā maʻi autoimmune

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi ʻo Autoimmune e ka hana ʻole o nā hunaola B. I ka maʻi pilikino

Aia kekahi mau maʻi autoimmune e like me:

• rheumatoid arthritis ;
• mau sclerosis ;
• kikokiko i 1 diabetes.

ʻO ka hihia o ka Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

He kuleana no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi (AIDS), he maʻi maʻi ʻo HIV e hoʻouka aku i nā hunaola pale, a ʻo nā limapho T hoʻi. ʻAʻole hiki i ka mea hope ke pāʻani hou i kā lākou kuleana pale, e hōʻike ana i ke kino mai maʻi kūpono mai hiki i nā hopena ke koʻikoʻi.

Nā maʻi ʻōpae e hoʻopili ana i nā lymphocytes

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā Lymphocytes e nā maʻi ʻokoʻa, keu hoʻi:

• lymphoma, maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic;
• a leukemia, Ka maʻi 'aʻai e hoʻololi i nā hunaola i ka iwi iwi;
• he myeloma, maʻi ʻaʻai hematologic;
• Maʻi ʻo Waldenström, kahi maʻi 'aʻai hematologic kikoʻī e pili ana i ka lymphocytes B.

Nā hoʻoponopono pale

I ke kikoʻī, hiki ke pale aku i ka maʻi HIV, nā hopena koʻikoʻi no nā lymphocytes. Hoʻomaka ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi me ka pale kūpono i ka wā o ka moekolohe.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Pili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka maʻi maʻamau i ʻike ʻia. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka hanana o ka maʻi HIV, hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau antiretroviral. Inā ʻike ʻia kahi tumo, hiki ke hana i nā chemotherapy a i ʻole radiation radiation.

Hoʻolā hewa

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi hou aku, pono paha ke ʻoki. I ka leukemia, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kahi transplant o ka iwi iwi.

Hemograms

Hiki i kahi helu ke hiki ke hoʻokō i kahi ana kūpono a me ka nui o nā mea i loaʻa i ke koko, me nā lymphocytes.

I loko o kēia hoʻokolohua koko, e noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi pae lymphocyte inā ma waena o 1,5 a me 4 g / L.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko e hiki ke ʻike i ʻelua mau ʻano o ka lymphocyte abnormalities:

• helu helu haʻahaʻa lymphocyte, ke emi ma lalo o 1 g / L, kahi hōʻailona o ka lymphopenia;
• helu helu lymphocyte kiʻekiʻe, ke ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 5 g / L, kahi hōʻailona o ka lymphocytosis, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he hyperlymphocytosis.

Mielogram

ʻO kahi myelogram e kālailai i ka hana o ka iwi iwi. Ana ia i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola keʻokeʻo me nā limu.

Ninaninau cytobacteriological mimi (ECBU)

Loiloi kēia hōʻike i ke alo o nā hunaola keokeo i ka mimi. ʻO kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā hunaola keokeo kahi hōʻailona o kahi kūlana.

Ke kumu o ka papa B lymphocyte

Nui nā unuhi no ka leka "B". Manaʻo kekahi e pili kēia inoa i ka iwi iwi, kahi e hana ʻia ai nā lymphocytes B. I ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, kapa ʻia ka iwi o ka iwi "iwi iwi". ʻO ka wehewehe ʻelua, ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, e pili ana i ka bursa o Fabricius, kahi ʻōlapa lymphoid mua i loaʻa i nā manu. Aia ma ka pae o kēia ʻōpili i ʻike ʻia ai nā limfosit B.

Ke kumu o ka papa T cell

He mea maʻalahi ke kumu o ka leka "T". Pili ia i ka thymus, ka ʻōlani lymphoid mua kahi e mālama ʻia ai ka ulu ʻana o ka lymphocyte T.

Ke kumu o ka papa NK lymphocyte

ʻO nā leka "NK" nā hua mua i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania no "Killer Kūlohelohe". Kuhi kēia i ka hana neutralizing o NK lymphocytes.