Ke neʻe nei: he aha ka mea e hoʻoweliweli ai i ke keiki?

I loko o ke kiʻi paʻi kiʻi "Inside Out", he kaikamahine 11 makahiki e ʻeha nui nei i ka neʻe ʻana o kona ʻohana i kahi hou. ʻAʻole ia he coincidence i koho nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kēia ʻāpana. ʻO ka hoʻololi radical o nā hiʻohiʻona he mea koʻikoʻi nui ʻaʻole wale no nā mākua, akā no ke keiki pū kekahi. A hiki i kēia koʻikoʻi ke lilo i ka wā lōʻihi, i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke olakino noʻonoʻo o ke kanaka i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ke keiki, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi noho. ʻO kēia kā mākou manaʻo a ua hewa mākou. Ua ʻike ʻo Rebecca Levin Cowley lāua ʻo Melissa Kull i nā ʻepekema ʻAmelika¹paʻakikī loa ka neʻe ʻana i nā keiki kula kamaliʻi.

"ʻAʻole hiki i nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi ke hoʻomohala i nā mākau pilikanaka, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilikia noʻonoʻo a me nā ʻano," wahi a Rebecca Levine. Hiki i kēia mau hopena ke mau no nā makahiki. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā haumāna ma nā papa haʻahaʻa a waena paha. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena o ke aʻo ʻana i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka neʻe ʻana - ka emi ʻana o ka hana hoʻonaʻauao (ʻoi loa i ka makemakika a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka heluhelu ʻana) i nā keiki ʻōpio ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻia a nāwaliwali koke ko lākou hopena.

Uaʻike nā mākua a pau i ka paʻakikī, no ka laʻana, e ho'āʻo i kahi keiki e ho'āʻo i kahi meaʻai hou. No nā keiki, he mea nui ka paʻa a me ka kamaʻāina, ʻoiai ma nā mea liʻiliʻi. A i ka wā i hoʻoholo ai ka ʻohana e hoʻololi i ko lākou wahi noho, no laila e koi koke i ke keiki e haʻalele i nā mea maʻamau he nui ʻole a, me he mea lā, e hoʻāʻo i nā kīʻaha ʻike ʻole i ka noho hoʻokahi. Me ka hoohuli ole a me ka hoomakaukau.

ʻO kekahi hui o nā psychologists i hana i kahi haʻawina like.²e hoʻohana ana i nā helu helu mai Denmark. Ma kēia ʻāina, ua kākau pono ʻia nā neʻe a pau o nā kamaʻāina, a hāʻawi kēia i kahi manawa kūʻokoʻa e aʻo ai i ka hopena o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka noho ʻana i nā keiki ma nā makahiki like ʻole. Ma ka huina, ua aʻo ʻia nā ʻikepili no ka ʻoi aku o ka miliona mau Dane i hānau ʻia ma waena o 1971 a me 1997. ʻO kēia mau mea, 37% i loaʻa ka manawa e ola ai i ka neʻe ʻana (a i ʻole kekahi) ma mua o ka makahiki 15.

I kēia hihia, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka poʻe psychologists ʻaʻole i ka hana kula, akā i ka lawehala ʻōpio, ka pepehi kanaka, ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a me ka make mua ʻana (ka hoʻomāinoino a me ka pōʻino).

Ua ʻike ʻia ma ka hihia o nā ʻōpio Denemaka, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hopena o ia mau hopena pōʻino ma hope o nā neʻe he nui i ka wā ʻōpio mua (12-14 mau makahiki). I ka manawa like, ʻo ke kūlana pilikanaka o nā ʻohana like ʻole (loaʻa, hoʻonaʻauao, hana), i mālama pū ʻia e nā ʻepekema, ʻaʻole i pili i ka hopena o ke aʻo ʻana. ʻAʻole i hōʻoia ʻia ka manaʻo mua e pili ana nā hopena ʻino i nā ʻohana me ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka loaʻa kālā.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia kahi hoʻololi o ka noho ʻana. He mea nui e loaʻa i ke keiki a i ʻole ka ʻōpio ke kākoʻo nui ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana, ma ka ʻohana a ma ke kula. Inā pono, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i ke kōkua psychological.

Ua wehewehe ʻo Sandra Wheatley, he loea Pelekane i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o ke keiki, i ka wā e neʻe ai, ʻike ke keiki i ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, ʻoiai e hāʻule ana ka micro-order āna i ʻike lōʻihi ai. ʻO kēia ka mea e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka palekana a me ka hopohopo.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia kēia mau haʻawina, akā ʻaʻole pono e lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hiki ʻole ke make. Nui ka hilinaʻi i ke ʻano noʻonoʻo o ka ʻohana a me nā kūlana i hoʻomaka ai ka neʻe ʻana. ʻO kekahi mea ʻo ka hemo ʻana o nā mākua, a ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana i kahi hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. He mea nui i ke keiki ke ʻike ʻaʻole hopohopo nā mākua i ka wā e neʻe ai, akā e hana i kēia hana me ka hilinaʻi a me ke ʻano maikaʻi.

He mea nui ka neʻe ʻana o kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kāna mau lako hale mua me ke keiki - ʻaʻole wale nā ​​mea pāʻani punahele, akā i nā lako, ʻoi aku hoʻi i kona wahi moe. He mea nui ia mau ʻāpana o ke ʻano o ke ola mua e mālama i ka paʻa o loko. Akā,ʻo ka mea nui - mai huki i ke keiki mai loko mai o ka nohona kahiko me ka convulsively, abruptly, hopohopo a me ka hoʻomākaukauʻole.

¹ R. Coley & M. Kull "Cumulative, Time-Specific, and Interactive Models of Residential Mobility and Children's Cognitive and Psychosocial Skills", Child Development, 2016.

² R. Webb al. "Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka wā kahiko i hoʻopili ʻia me ka Mobility Residential Kanaka", American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2016.