ʻO nā halo: nā ʻāpana waiwai a me nā hoʻohana

ʻOiai ʻo ka mycology ma ke ʻano he lālā o ka biology e aʻo ana i nā fungi i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka waena o ke kenekulia XNUMX, he nui nā nīnau i pane ʻole ʻia. No laila, ʻaʻole maopopo loa inā pili ka mea aʻo i ka honua mea kanu a holoholona paha. ʻAʻole i hōʻoia ʻia inā he pōʻino loa nā kino hua, i manaʻo ʻia he ʻawaʻawa. ʻAʻole maopopo loa ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā halo ʻai. Nui nā mea ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻole ʻia e pili ana i ke kumu o nā halo a me kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana e ke kanaka.

Ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mōʻaukala o ke aʻo ʻana i nā halo i puka mai ma Kina a ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua tausani mau makahiki. I kēia mau lā naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia kahi hanana i lilo i mea ʻike ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa. Ma nā Alps ʻo Tyrolean, ua loaʻa kahi kanaka hau hau ma kahi glacier, ʻo ia ka inoa ʻo Otsi. Ua hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke ʻano radiocarbon ua hāʻule kēia kamaʻāina mua o ko kākou honua i ka pio hau 5300 mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ka mea kupanaha loa e pili ana i kēia ʻike, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o nā halo me kēia kanaka kahiko. ʻO kekahi o lākou he agaric lele keʻokeʻo, hiki ke lilo i amulet no ke kanaka. ʻEkolu mau halo maloʻo a maloʻo hoʻi i loaʻa ka waikawa i like me ka lāʻau antibiotic i kona hopena lapaʻau.

ʻO nā ʻano o nā halo a pehea e hoʻohana pono ai iā lākou e wehewehe kikoʻī ʻia ma kēia ʻatikala.

He aha nā ʻano o nā halo hihiu

I ka wā mua, ua helu ʻia nā halo i nā mea kanu, akā i ka makahiki 1990 a me ka makahiki 2000, nui nā mea i kākau ʻia e pili ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā halo i ka honua holoholona. ʻAʻole kēia he mea kupanaha, no ka mea, hui pū nā waiwai he nui me nā holoholona. No ka laʻana, hiki ke neʻe i ka wikiwiki o 5 mm i kēlā me kēia hola nā cell germ o nā haʻiki i ke ʻano o ka plasmodium i ka wā hānau.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōpala i 4 mau ʻāpana e like me ka waiwai waiwai:

• 1st waeʻano - ka waiwai nui a me ka ʻono o ka ulu lāʻau, e hāʻawi ana i nā huahana mushroom o ka maikaʻi maikaʻi loa (keʻokeʻo, nā halo waiū, nā halo, ʻo Caesar mushroom).
• 2nd waeʻano - maikaʻi a me ka waiwai nui o nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa (boletus, boletus, boletus, chanterelles, champignons, volnushki, honey mushrooms).
• ʻO ka ʻāpana 3 - nā halo e hiki ke ʻai ʻia o ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻono (nā halo moss, russula, ʻeleʻele mushroom, chanterelles, valui),
• 4th waeʻano – haʻahaʻa-waiwai nahele halo (laina, cobwebs a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua wehewehe ʻia a ʻae ʻia nā ʻano o nā ʻano nui o nā halo i loko o ka "Sanitary rules for the harvesting, processing and sales of mushrooms SP 2.3.4.009-93". No ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o nā ʻano haʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolālā pehea e hoʻohana ai.

ʻO ka pauku aʻe o ka ʻatikala e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kanaka i nā halo.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea kanu a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau

He mea kupanaha hoʻi ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā halo ulu lāʻau hou i ka makahiki āpau, me ka wā hoʻoilo.

He mea kupaianaha maoli ka ʻaha, ʻo kā lākou kumu nui i ke ola kanaka penei:

• ʻO ka hoʻohana culinary o nā halo no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā kīʻaha maikaʻi, olakino a me ke kumukūʻai (no ka manawa lōʻihi ma ko mākou ʻāina, i ka wā hoʻokē ʻai, ʻai lākou i nā halo waiū, chanterelles, honey agarics, mushrooms a me nā halo).
• ʻO ka kuke ʻana a me nā mea ʻono o nā kīʻaha gourmet i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻahaʻaina a ma nā hālāwai kūlana kiʻekiʻe.
• Ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, no ka laʻana, mai nā lole ua (no ka hemostatic kumu), etc.
• ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā halo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano ʻoihana, no ka laʻana, ka hana ʻana o ka flammulin mai nā ʻōpala hoʻoilo, nona nā hopena anti-inflammatory a me antitumor.
• He kū hoʻokahi wale nō nā haloʻo i ke ʻano o ko lākou mau waiwai. Pono e aʻo ʻia kēia mau waiwai. Aia kekahi mana'o o ka po'e 'epekema aia nā halo i nā mea pono a me nā lā'au lapa'au e pono ai no nā kānaka, akā, ua a'o piha 'ia kekahi o lākou. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka hoihoi i nā mea lapaʻau o nā halo. ʻO ke kumu o kēia aia ma ka ʻike ʻana o kekahi mau waiwai hou a me nā haʻuki i loaʻa nā anti-cancer a me nā anti-infective properties i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau e kōkua i kēlā me kēia pae o ka maʻi, no ka laʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i birch chaga. Eia naʻe, aia kekahi ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i nā halo āpau i alakaʻi ʻia i ka make, hallucinogenic hōʻike a me ka make.
• Loaʻa i ka leʻaleʻa mai ka "holo mushroom". I kēia lā, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi miliona mau ʻano o nā haʻiki i ʻike ʻia, a he 100 wale nō i aʻo ʻia. Nature, e like me ia, e haʻi mai iā mākou: e aʻo a hoʻohana i nā halo me ka laulā, akā me ke akamai! Manaʻo ka poʻe Kepani inā ʻai ʻoe i 100 grams o nā halo i kēlā me kēia lā, a laila ʻaʻole loaʻa ke kanaka i nā maʻi oncological. Hiki ke hoola i na halo, nui na laau maikai i loaa mai ia lakou mai, a oi aku ka nui o na laau e imi ia nei. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻona, akā hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia. He ʻokoʻa nā ʻano o nā ʻuala i ko lākou mau waiwai a me he mea lā hiki ke loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana i kekahi maʻi i loko o lākou, akā no kēia mea pono e hoʻomau i ka noiʻi ākea. Hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa a ʻae paha me ka manaʻo o ka poʻe ʻepekema e pili ana i nā waiwai o nā ʻano he nui, akā hoʻokahi mea i maopopo: nui ka pono o nā halo. He wā e hiki mai ana ko kēia wahi!

Pehea e hoʻohana pono ai ke kanaka i nā halo nahele

Ma ke ʻano o ka waiwai waiwai a me ka waiwai waiwai, ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa nā halo i ka ʻiʻo, akā paʻakikī kā lākou protein i ka ʻeli ʻana a koi i ka mālama wela a me ka wili lōʻihi. Pili kēia i ka hapa nui o nā ʻano, akā ʻaʻole nā ​​haʻi āpau. Akā ʻo ka assimilation o nā macro- a me nā microelements i loko o lākou e lawe mai i nā pono kānalua ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huaora a me nā waikawa amino koʻikoʻi, ʻo ka hemahema o ka mea e hoʻopilikia nui i ka hana o ke kino, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻohana ai i nā halo ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu wale nō, akā pono pū kekahi.

Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka exacerbation o nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ka gallbladder mamao, ka pancreatitis mau a me ka cholecystitis. Pono ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike mau i nā manaʻo mai ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai me ke kūlana o kou kaiapuni kūloko a hoʻokokoke pono i nā leʻaleʻa gastronomic. A laila e lawe mai nā mea ʻono mushroom i ka leʻaleʻa a me ka pōmaikaʻi.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana ma nā ʻano a pau e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā halo i ka kuke ʻana, ʻaʻole ia e mālama mau i nā halo e ʻai. No laila, hōʻiliʻili nā puaʻa lahilahi i nā mea ʻawaʻawa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, mai ka hoʻohana hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole, akā ʻo kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi e alakaʻi i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ke koko a me ka hōʻino ʻana i nā pūpū ate. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai nā puaʻa lahilahi he ʻano ʻawaʻawa.

Ua like ke kūlana me nā laina maʻamau. ʻO ka paila maʻamau no 15-20 mau minuke a hoʻokahe i ka wai e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻohana iā lākou i hoʻokahi manawa i kahi liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kā lākou hoʻohana pinepine ʻana e alakaʻi i kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka ʻōpū a me ke ʻano o ka ʻeha, no laila ua make lākou.

Noʻonoʻo nā kānaka i ka kuke ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano meaʻai mai kēlā hanauna a i kēia hanauna ma waena o nā kamaʻāina. Hoʻohui ka poʻe noho kūlanakauhale i nā ʻano kuʻuna i ka ʻike hale ʻaina o nā meaʻai haole, ʻoi aku ka Italia a me Kepanī.