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Ma waena o nā fungi o kahi ʻano ʻano ʻano hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā kino hua e like me nā hua. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai a ʻona. Loaʻa nā ʻano hua manu i loko o nā ululāʻau like ʻole, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makemake i nā lepo palupalu, e hana pinepine ana i ka mycorrhiza me nā kumu coniferous a me nā deciduous o nā ʻano like ʻole. Hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano hua manu maʻamau ma kēia ʻaoʻao.
He ʻano hua manu nā halo pipi
Nani manu ʻeleʻele hina (Coprinus atramentarius).
Ohana: ʻO nā pipi lepo (Coprinaceae).
Season: hopena o Iune - hope o ʻOkakopa.
Ulu: hui nui.
Description:
He ovoid ka pāpale o ka mushroom, a laila ʻano bele ākea.
He māmā ka ʻiʻo, ʻeleʻele koke, ʻono i ka ʻono. ʻO ka ʻili o ka pāpale he hina a ʻeleʻele paha, ʻeleʻele i ke kikowaena, me nā unahi liʻiliʻi, ʻeleʻele. Keʻokeʻo ke apo, nalowale koke. Ke pohā nei ka lihi o ka pāpale.
He keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpala, ʻeleʻele iki ma ke kumu, maʻemaʻe, ʻāwīwī, ʻāwili pinepine. ʻO nā papa he manuahi, ākea, pinepine; keʻokeʻo nā ʻōpio ʻōpio, huli ʻeleʻele i ka wā ʻelemakule, a laila autolyse (blur i loko o kahi wai ʻeleʻele) me ka pāpale.
ʻO ka halo ʻai ʻia. Hiki ke ʻai wale i ka wā ʻōpio ma hope o ka hoʻolapalapa mua ʻana. ʻO ka inu ʻana me nā mea inu ʻawaʻawa ke kumu o ka make.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
E ulu ana ma ka lepo momona, ma na kula, ma na kihapai, ma kahi o ka lepo, ma kahi kokoke i ka manure a me ka compost, ma na ululaau, ma kahi o na kumu a me na kumu laau paa.
ʻO ka nalo lepo keʻokeʻo (Coprinus comatus).
Ohana: ʻO nā pipi lepo (Coprinaceae).
Season: waena o ʻAukake – waena o ʻOkakopa.
Ulu: hui nui.
Description:
He keʻokeʻo ka pulp, palupalu. Aia kahi ʻōpū ʻeleʻele ma luna o ka pāpale.
He keʻokeʻo ka wāwae, he ʻōniʻoniʻo silika, ʻaʻa. I nā halo kahiko, ua autolyzed nā papa a me ka pāpale.
ʻO ka pāpale o kahi ʻōpio ʻōpio he elongated ovoid, a laila ʻano bele liʻiliʻi, keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha, uhi ʻia me nā unahi fibrous. Me ka makahiki, hoʻomaka nā papa i ka ʻulaʻula mai lalo. ʻO nā papa he manuahi, ākea, pinepine, keʻokeʻo.
Hiki ke ʻai ʻia ka mushroom i ka wā ʻōpio (ma mua o ka pōʻeleʻele o nā papa). Pono e hana i ka lā o ka hōʻiliʻili; pono e hoʻolapalapa mua. ʻAʻole pono e hui pū ʻia me nā halo ʻē aʻe.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Ke ulu nei ia ma nā ʻāina ākea i waiwai i nā mea kanu organik, ma nā pā, nā māla meaʻai, nā māla a me nā paka.
ʻO ka nalo lepo ʻeleʻele (Coprinus micaceus).
Ohana: ʻO nā pipi lepo (Coprinaceae).
Season: hopena o Mei - hopena o ʻOkakopa.
Ulu: pūʻulu a hui pū.
Description:
He melemele-ʻeleʻele ka ʻili, i loko o nā ʻōpala ʻōpio ua uhi ʻia me nā unahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia mai kahi pā maʻamau lahilahi. ʻO nā papa he lahilahi, pinepine, ākea, pili; keʻokeʻo ka waihoʻoluʻu i ka wā mua, a laila ʻeleʻele a polū.
ʻO ka pulp i ka wā ʻōpio he keʻokeʻo, ʻono ʻawaʻawa.
ʻO ka wāwae keʻokeʻo, hollow, fragile; he pahee a siliki iki paha kona ili. Wehe ʻia ka lihi o ka pāpale i kekahi manawa.
ʻO ka pāpale he ʻano bele a i ʻole ovoid me kahi ʻili ʻāhu.
ʻO ka halo ʻai ʻia. ʻAʻole ʻohi ʻia ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi a me ka autolysis wikiwiki o nā pāpale. Hoʻohana hou.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Ke ulu nei ia ma nā ululāʻau, ma luna o ka lāʻau o nā lāʻau deciduous, a ma nā paka o ke kūlanakauhale, nā pā hale, ma nā kumu a i ʻole ma nā aʻa o nā kumu lāʻau kahiko a poino.
Hōʻike ʻia nā halo e like me ka hua manu ma kēia mau kiʻi:
ʻO Veselka mushroom a i ʻole hua diabolo (he kupua).
ʻO Veselka maʻamau (Phallus impudicus) a i ʻole ka hua diabolo.
Ohana: ʻO Veselkovye (Phallaceae).
Season: Mei – ʻOkakopa.
Ulu: hoʻokahi a me nā hui
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka fungus Veselka (ka hua diabolo):
Ke koena o ka pūpū hua. He ʻano bele ka pāpale makua, he puka ma luna, uhi ʻia me ka ʻoliva ʻeleʻele me ke ʻala o ke kino. ʻO ka ulu ulu ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o ka hua a hiki i 5 mm i hoʻokahi minuke. Ke ʻai ʻia ka ʻāpana spore e nā pepeke, lilo ka pāpale i ka pulupulu pulupulu me nā mea ʻike maopopo.
ʻO ka wāwae he spongy, ʻaʻa, me nā paia lahilahi.
ʻO ke kino hua ʻōpiopio he semi-underground, oval-spherical a ovoid, 3-5 cm ke anawaena, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā kino hua ʻōpiopio, ʻili ʻia mai ka ʻili hua manu a palai, no ka ʻai.
Ecology a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka fungus Veselka (ka hua manu kilokilo):
Hoʻoulu pinepine ia i nā ululāʻau deciduous, makemake i nā lepo momona i humus. Hoʻolaha ʻia nā spores e nā ʻiniko i huki ʻia e ke ʻala o ka haʻo.
Nā halo huamoa ʻē aʻe
Mutinus canine (Mutinus canine).
Ohana: ʻO Veselkovye (Phallaceae).
Season: hopena o Iune - Sepatemaba.
Ulu: pakahi a hui.
Description:
He porous ka pulp, palupalu loa. I ka oʻo ʻana, uhi ʻia ka piko liʻiliʻi o ka "wāwae" me ka ʻala o ke kino. Ke nahu nā ʻiniko i ka ʻāʻī, lilo ka piko o ke kino hua i ka ʻalani a laila hoʻomaka ke kino hua holoʻokoʻa e popopo koke.
ʻO ka "wāwae" he hakahaka, heʻeleʻele, he melemele. ʻO ke kino hua'ōpiopio he ovoid, 2-3 cm ke anawaena, māmā, me ke kaʻina aʻa.
Noho mau ka ʻili o ka hua ma ke kumu o ka "wāwae".
ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻai ʻia kēia ʻano hua manu. Wahi a kekahi mau moʻolelo, hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā kino hua ʻōpiopio i loko o ka pūpū hua.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Ulu i loko o nā ululāʻau coniferous, maʻamau ma kahi kokoke i nā lāʻau make a me nā kumu lāʻau, i kekahi manawa ma ka sawdust a me ka lāʻau popopo.
Cystoderma scaly (Cystoderma carcharias).
Ohana: Champignons (Agaricaceae).
Season: waena o ʻAukake – Nowemapa.
Ulu: hoʻokahi a ma nā hui liʻiliʻi.
Description:
ʻO ka pāpale o nā ʻōpio ʻōpio he conical a ovoid. ʻO ka pāpale o nā halo makua he pālahalaha-convex a kūlou paha. ʻO nā papa he pinepine, lahilahi, pili, me nā papa waena, keʻokeʻo.
Mānoanoa iki ka wāwae i ke kumu, granular-scaly, o ke kala like me ka pāpale.
He palupalu ka ʻiʻo, ʻulaʻula a keʻokeʻo paha, me kahi ala lāʻau a lepo paha.
Manaʻo ʻia ka ʻai ʻia ka ʻaha, akā haʻahaʻa kona ʻono. Aneane ʻaʻole ʻai.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Ke ulu nei ia i loko o nā ululāʻau coniferous a hui pū ʻia (me ka pine), ma ka lepo pohihihi, ma ka moss, ma luna o ka lepo. Kakaʻikahi loa i nā ululāʻau deciduous.
ʻO Caesar mushroom (Amanita caesarea).
Ohana: ʻO Amanitaceae (Amanitaceae).
Season: Iune – ʻOkakopa.
Ulu: hoʻokahi wale nō.
Description:
He ovoid a hemispherical paha ka pāpale o nā ʻōpala ʻōpio. ʻO ka pāpale o nā halo makua he convex a pālahalaha paha, me kahi ʻaoʻao ʻāhu. I ka wā "hua", hiki ke huikau ka ʻūhā Caesar me kahi toadstool pale, kahi i ʻokoʻa ai i ka ʻokiʻoki: ʻili ʻula melemele a me kahi pale maʻamau.
ʻO ka ʻili he gula-alani a ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula paha, maloʻo, maʻamau me ka ʻole o ke koena o ka uhi uhi. He keʻokeʻo ko waho, he melemele paha ka ʻili o loko. He manuahi ka Volvo, ʻano ʻeke, a hiki i 6 knm ākea, a hiki i 4-5 mm mānoanoa.
He ʻiʻo ka ʻiʻo o ka pāpale, melemele māmā ma lalo o ka ʻili. ʻO nā papa he melemele gula, manuahi, pinepine, ākea i ka ʻaoʻao waena, ua liʻiliʻi nā kihi. He keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo o ka wāwae, ʻaʻohe ʻala a me ka ʻono.
Mai ka wā kahiko, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea ʻono maikaʻi loa. Hiki ke hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka haloo makua, hoʻomoʻa ʻia a ʻai ʻia paha, kūpono hoʻi ka mushroom no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana a me ka pickling. Hoʻohana maka ʻia nā halo ʻōpio i uhi ʻia me ka volva ʻole i ka saladi.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Hoʻokumu i ka mycorrhiza me ka beech, oak, chestnut a me nā lāʻau paʻakikī ʻē aʻe. Ke ulu nei ia ma ka lepo i ka deciduous, i kekahi manawa i nā ululāʻau coniferous, makemake i nā lepo one, nā wahi mahana a maloʻo. Laha ʻia ma nā subtropics Mediterranean. Ma nā ʻāina o ka USSR mua, loaʻa ia ma nā ʻāpana komohana o Georgia, ma Azerbaijan, ma North Caucasus, ma Crimea a me Transcarpathia. Pono ka hua i ka mahana mahana (ʻaʻole i lalo o 20 ° C) no 15-20 mau lā.
Nā ʻano like.
Mai ka ʻulaʻula lele agaric (ʻo ke koena o ka moena mai ka pāpale i holoi ʻia i kekahi manawa), ʻokoʻa ka ʻala Caesar i ke kala melemele o ke apo a me nā papa (he keʻokeʻo lākou i ka fly agaric).
Pale grebe (Amanita phalloides).
Ohana: ʻO Amanitaceae (Amanitaceae).
Season: hoʻomaka o ʻAukake - waena o ʻOkakopa.
Ulu: pakahi a hui.
Description:
ʻO ka pāpale he ʻoliva, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hina paha, mai ka hemispherical a i pālahalaha, me ka ʻaoʻao maʻemaʻe a me ka ʻili fibrous. He keʻokeʻo nā papa, palupalu, manuahi.
ʻO ke kumu ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka pāpale a keʻokeʻo paha, uhi pinepine ʻia me kahi ʻano moire. Hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻia ka volva, manuahi, lobed, keʻokeʻo, 3-5 cm ākea, pinepine i ka hapalua i ka lepo. ʻO ke apo he ākea i ka mua, fringed, ʻoniʻoni ma waho, nalo pinepine me ka makahiki. Ma ka ʻili o ka pāpale e ʻike ʻole ʻia nā koena o ka pale. ʻO ke kino hua i ka wā ʻōpio he ovoid, uhi piha ʻia me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
He keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo, ʻiʻo, ʻaʻole e hoʻololi i ka waihoʻoluʻu ke hōʻino ʻia, me ka ʻono a me ka ʻala. Ka mānoanoa ma ke kumu o ka wāwae.
ʻO kekahi o nā haloʻawaʻawa weliweli loa. Loaʻa i ka bicyclic toxic polypeptides ʻaʻole i luku ʻia e ka mālama ʻana i ka wela a ke kumu i ka degeneration momona a me ka necrosis ate. ʻO ka maʻi make no ke kanaka makua he 30 g o ka halo (hoʻokahi pāpale); no ke keiki - he hapaha o ka papale. ʻAʻole ʻo nā mea ʻawaʻawa wale nō nā kino hua, akā pū kekahi, no laila ʻaʻole pono e hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā halo a me nā hua ma kahi kokoke i ka pale grebe. ʻO kahi pōʻino o ka haʻiki aia i ka ʻike ʻole ʻana o nā hōʻailona o ka ʻawaʻawa no ka manawa lōʻihi. I loko o ka manawa mai 6 a 48 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka luaʻi paʻa ʻole, colic intestinal, ʻeha ʻiʻo, make wai ʻole, ʻike ʻia ka maʻi cholera-like (pinepine me ke koko). Aia paha ka jaundice a me ke ake nui. Ua nāwaliwali ka pulse, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ke koko, ʻike ʻia ka nalowale o ka ʻike. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hōʻailona. I ke kolu o ka lā, hoʻomaka ka "manawa o ka maikaʻi hoʻopunipuni", e mau ana mai ʻelua a ʻehā lā. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ke hoʻomau nei ka luku ʻana i ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa i kēia manawa. ʻO ka make maʻamau i loko o 10 mau lā o ka make ʻana.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Hoʻokumu i ka mycorrhiza me nā ʻano deciduous like ʻole (oak, beech, hazel), makemake i nā ʻāina momona, māmā a me nā ululāʻau hui.
Halo nahele (Agaricus silvaticus).
Ohana: Champignons (Agaricaceae).
Season: hopena o Iune - waena o ʻOkakopa.
Ulu: ma nā hui.
Description:
He keʻokeʻo nā papa i ka mua, a laila ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, haiki i nā welau. He keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo, ʻulaʻula ke haki.
ʻO ka pāpale he ʻano bele ovate, pālahalaha procumbent ke oʻo, ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele, me nā unahi ʻeleʻele.
He cylindrical ke kumu, pehu pinepine i ke kumu. ʻO ke apo keʻokeʻo membranous o ka haʻiki e like me ka hua manu e nalowale pinepine i ka wā oʻo.
ʻAi maikaʻi ʻai. Hoʻohana hou a pickled.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Ulu ia ma nā ululāʻau coniferous (spruce) a hui pū ʻia (me ka spruce), kokoke pinepine a ma nā puʻu ant. Hōʻike nui ʻia ma hope o ka ua.
Kinnabar ʻulaʻula (Calostoma cinnabarina).
Ohana: ʻO nā kulu ua hoʻopunipuni (Sclerodermataceae).
Season: hope o ke kauwela – autumn.
Ulu: pakahi a hui.
Description:
He porous ka wāwae wahaheʻe, hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi membrane gelatinous.
Wehe a ʻili ka ʻili waho o ke kino hua. Ke ulu aʻe, hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke kumu, hoʻokiʻekiʻe ka hua ma luna o ka substrate.
ʻO ke kino hua he poepoe, ovoid a tuberous paha, i loko o nā halo'ōpiopio mai kaʻulaʻula a hiki i kaʻulaʻula-ʻalani, i hoʻopaʻaʻia i loko o ka pūpūʻekolu.
ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻai ʻia.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Ke ulu nei ia ma ka lepo, ma nā ululāʻau deciduous a hui pū ʻia, ma nā ʻaoʻao, ma nā alanui a me nā ala. Makemake i ka lepo one a me ka lepo. Mea maʻamau ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau; i ko mākou ʻāina i loaʻa i kekahi manawa ma ka hema o Primorsky Krai.
ʻO ka puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu (Scleroderma verrucosum).
Ohana: ʻO nā kulu ua hoʻopunipuni (Sclerodermataceae).
Season: ʻAukake – ʻOkakopa.
Ulu: pakahi a hui.
Description:
ʻO ke kino hua he tuberous a i ʻole ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka puʻupaʻa, palahalaha pinepine mai luna mai. He lahilahi ka ʻili, ʻili pulu, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a laila ʻocher-melemele me nā unahi ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā warts.
I ka oʻo ʻana, lilo ka pulp i flabby, hina-ʻeleʻele, loaʻa kahi ʻano pauka. ʻO ka ulu ʻana e like me ke aʻa mai nā lau mycelial pālahalaha ākea.
Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka pedicle wahaheʻe.
Haloʻawaʻawa iki. Ma ka nui, hoʻomake ia, hele pū me ka noʻonoʻo, ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, a me ka luaʻi.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana: Ke ulu nei ma nā lepo one maloʻo i loko o nā ululāʻau, nā kīhāpai a me nā paka, ma nā ʻūhā, pinepine ma nā alanui, nā kihi o nā auwai, ma nā ala.
ʻO ke ʻano ʻeke golovach (Calvatia utriformis).
Ohana: Champignons (Agaricaceae).
Season: ka hopena o Mei - waena o Sepatemaba.
Ulu: hoʻokahi a ma nā hui liʻiliʻi.
Description:
ʻO ke kino hua he ovate ākea, saccular, pālahalaha mai luna mai, me kahi kumu i ke ʻano o ka wāwae wahaheʻe. ʻO ka ʻiʻo waho he mānoanoa, huluhulu, ma mua keʻokeʻo, ma hope he melemele a ʻeleʻele.
He keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo i ka mua, a laila lilo ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
ʻO ka haʻiʻo oʻo māwae, haki ma luna a hemo.
Hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā halo ʻōpiopio me ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo. Hoʻohana ʻia i ka paila a maloʻo. Loaʻa ka hopena hemostatic.
Ecology a me ka mahele ʻana:
Ke ulu nei ia ma nā ululāʻau deciduous a hui pū ʻia, ma nā ʻaoʻao a me nā ʻāʻī, ma nā māla, nā pāʻai, nā pāʻai, ma ka ʻāina mahiai.