ʻAʻole ʻo ka jurisprudence o kēia wā ka mea a mākou i ʻike ai i kēia lā me ka ʻole o nā ʻelele o kēia ʻoihana. ʻO ka notary he loio nāna e hōʻoia i nā kālepa, e hōʻoia ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā palapala a me nā pūlima. E kamaʻilio hou kākou e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala a me nā loina o ka lā hoʻomaha ʻoihana.
Ke hoʻolauleʻa ʻia
Hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka lā Notaries i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ko mākou ʻāina 26 April. I ka makahiki 2023, e hoʻolauleʻa ai nā ʻumi kaukani o ko mākou mau hoa.
moolelo o ka la hoomaha
ʻO ka puka ʻana mai o ka ʻoihana notary e pili ana i ka wā kahiko o Roma. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻoili ʻia nā ʻaelike waha i ka pepa e nā kākau ʻōlelo, ʻo ia ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he prototype o nā notaries hou.
Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike wale ka poʻe kākau ʻōlelo i nā pepa kānāwai. No laila, ua ala mai ka ʻoihana o nā tabellions - ka poʻe nona nā hana i pili wale i nā palapala kānāwai, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hana kānāwai a me nā pepa hoʻokolokolo. ʻO kā lākou mau hana ma lalo o ka mana koʻikoʻi o ka moku'āina - no ka laʻana, ʻo ka nui o ka uku no nā lawelawe i hāʻawi ʻia i koho ʻia e ke aliʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i ka tabellion ke hoʻonohonoho i kāna kumukūʻai.
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo - "notariat", a me ke kahua o ka inoa hoʻokahi, ua ala pū ma Roma, ma ka manaʻo o ka Ekalesia Roma. Kuhi ʻia kēia hanana i ka hopena o XNUMXnd - ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia XNUMX. Notaries (mai ka hua'ōlelo "notta" - "hōʻailona") lawelawe ma nā dioceses a lawe pōkole i nā kamaʻilio ʻana o nā pīhopa me ka poʻe parishioners, a ua hana pū me ka hoʻokele palapala pule. ʻElua a ʻekolu mau mea lapaʻau i lawelawe ma kēlā me kēia luakini. Ma hope mai, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā hana a nā notaries i ka wahi o ke ola, a ua hoʻomaka nā ʻelele o kēia ʻoihana e hui ʻaʻole ma Roma wale nō, akā ma Italia a me ʻEulopa.
I ko mākou ʻāina, no ka manawa mua, ua ʻōlelo ʻia kahi analogue o kahi notary i nā palapala o ke kenekulia XNUMX i loaʻa i ka wā e ʻeli ʻia ma ka ʻāina Novgorod. Ua loaʻa i nā archaeologists kahi leka birch-bark, kahi i kapa ʻia i kēia manawa he notarization. Wahi a kēia palapala, hōʻoia ka wahine i ke kālā i lawe ʻia mai kahi kanaka ʻē aʻe, a ʻo ke kākau ʻōlelo (ʻo ia ka mea hiki iā mākou ke kapa palekana i ka notary mua ma ka moʻolelo o ko mākou ʻāina) e hōʻoia i ka pepa me kāna pūlima.
ʻO ka hana o ka analogue o ka notary i ko mākou ʻāina ua lilo i mea hoʻonohonoho a hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ke kenekulia XNUMX. ʻO kahi palapala hoʻokolokolo i loaʻa i ka wā o ka ʻeli ʻana ma Pskov e ʻōlelo ana i ka pono e hōʻike i nā hōʻike i kākau ʻia i ka wā o nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa pili i ka waiwai. Hōʻike pū ia i nā koi no ka hana ʻana i nā palapala kauoha. ʻO ka palapala kuʻuna Belozersky i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i ke kenekulia hoʻokahi i loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā kūlana kūpono no ka hana ʻana i kahi kālepa kūʻai a kūʻai.
A hiki i ke kenekulia XNUMX, ʻaʻole i noho ka notary ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa ma ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO nā hana a kēia poʻe loea, e like me Roma Kahiko, ua hana ʻia e ka poʻe kākau ʻōlelo, i kekahi manawa e nā kāhuna pule. Akā i ka makahiki XNUMXth, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka notary ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa. Ua hana nā Notaries ma kēlā me kēia ʻaha apana, ua mālama ʻia ko lākou koho ʻana e ka luna hoʻomalu o ka Chamber Judicial. I kēlā manawa, pili ka hana a nā notaries me nā palapala waiwai.
After the revolution, the situation changed dramatically. The abolition of private property changed the status of the notaries for a long time – it became completely state-owned. In the period from 1917 to 1922, notaries performed only the formal functions of certifying documents. However, gradually the number of actions increased greatly. This was enshrined in a resolution that was valid until the collapse of the USSR, where all the obligations of notaries were spelled out. In 1993, this institution again became private and independent of the state.
In 2016, the notaries celebrated 150 years of its existence. In honor of the important date, a Decree of the President of the Federation was issued on the creation of an official professional holiday. According to this document, a permanent date was assigned to the Notary Day – April 26th.
However, until 2016, experts celebrated this day, but unofficially. Only now they celebrated it on April 27th. The fact is that on April 14 (according to the old style), 1866, Emperor Alexander II signed the “Regulations on the notarial part”. It is from this year that the modern notary begins. When they chose the date for the unofficial holiday – April 27 – they did not take into account the peculiarities of the translation from the old style to the new one. But they took this into account when issuing the presidential decree and chose a historically accurate day – April 26th.
Nā kuʻuna hoʻomaha
E like me nā lā hoʻomaha like ʻole, hoʻolauleʻa nui ʻia ka lā Notary ma ko mākou ʻāina i loko o ke kaiāulu ʻoihana. Ma keʻano he kūlana, ua hoʻonohonohoʻia nāʻaha kūkā nui a me nā hālāwai i kēia lā, kahi e hikiʻole ai i nā hoa hana ke hoʻololi wale i kaʻike a me kaʻike, akā e hoʻomaikaʻi pū kekahi i kekahi ma kahi kūlanaʻikeʻole.