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ʻO nā ʻano oyster mushroom maʻamau, elm, uhi ʻia, māmā a me ka hāʻule. Loaʻa i kēia mau ʻano āpau nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ka kuke ʻana a me ka ʻoihana lāʻau. Hāʻawi ʻia i nā pōmaikaʻi o nā halo oyster, hoʻohana ikaika ʻia lākou e hoʻomākaukau i nā kīʻaha like ʻole, hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hoʻomākaukau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna no ka ho'ōla ʻana i nā ʻeha a me ka wehe ʻana i nā toxins.
I ka hoʻoilo, e maloʻo kēia mau halo a paʻakikī. I ka manawa like, maʻalahi lākou e hahau me kahi lāʻau. ʻO ka maikaʻi o nā halo ʻo ka hoʻoilo ma muli o ke kahua i noho ai nā halo me kahi hāʻule nui o ka mahana. Inā hiki wawe ka hau, a laila hiki iā lākou ke maloʻo i kahi ʻano ʻōpio. I ka wā o ka hoʻoilo ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, nalo paha kēia mau halo. Mālama ʻia nā ʻano pono i ka hoʻoilo.
E aʻo ʻoe e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā halo oyster a me nā waiwai o lākou ma kēia ʻaoʻao.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka halo ʻoyster
He 4-12 knm ke anawaena o ka papale o ka mushroom oyster ma'amau (Pleurotus ostreatus). ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka ʻano ʻano ʻo ka oyster, oval a poepoe paha o ka pāpale, hina-ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula i ke kala me kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele. Hoʻohui ʻia nā kumu o nā kino hua.
I loko o kēia ʻano oyster mushroom, pōkole ke kumu, asymmetrically, ʻoi loa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pāpale, he 2-7 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka mānoanoa o 10-25 mm. Ua like kona waihoʻoluʻu me ka pāpale a aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pāpale.
Pulp: lahilahi, paʻa, keʻokeʻo, me ka ʻono a me ka ʻala ʻoluʻolu.
Hoʻopili nā papa, e iho ana ma ke kumu, pinepine, ʻaila a i ʻole melemele māmā.
ʻokoʻa. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka pāpale mai ka ʻeleʻele a i ʻeleʻele-hina.
Nā ʻano like. I ka nana aku, ua like ka haloo oyster ma'amau me ka mushroom oyster lung (Pleurotus pulmonarius), i 'ike 'ia e kona kala kala a me ka pāpale pepeiao.
ʻO ka waiwai hōʻiliʻili o nā mea ʻino: ʻO kēia ʻano ka waiwai maikaʻi o ka hōʻiliʻili haʻahaʻa o nā metala kaumaha.
ʻAi ʻai: ʻO nā halo oyster maʻamau he mau meaʻai meaʻai kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻolapalapa a paʻi ʻia, canned.
Hiki ke ʻai, 2 a me 3 mau ʻano - i ka wā hāʻule a me 3 a me 4 - i ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO nā halo ʻoyster i ka hopena o Nowemapa a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Kekemapa e mau ana ko lākou ʻano maʻamau. I ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻomaka o ka pūnāwai, hoʻololi lākou, loaʻa kahi kala melemele-ʻeleʻele.
Nā wahi noho: nā ululāʻau deciduous a hui pū ʻia, ma luna o ka lāʻau palaho, ulu ma nā papa a me nā hui.
Season: ulu ikaika - mai Mei a Kepakemapa, a hoʻomaka mai Nowemapa a i ka hoʻoilo, pau ka ulu. I ka hoʻoilo, pili ke ʻano o nā halo ʻoyster ma luna o nā kumulāʻau i ke kahua i loaʻa ai ka hau iā lākou a me ke ʻano o ke aniau ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā mahana maikaʻi ʻole. Inā, ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau, ua hiki i nā lāʻau i ko lākou ulu nui a maloʻo iki, a laila i ka hoʻoilo maloʻo hou lākou a kau ma luna o nā kumulāʻau i loko o kahi semi-solid state, ke hiki ke ʻoki ʻia.
Inā i ka manawa o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau he ʻano wai, a laila maloʻo nā halo a lilo i paʻakikī, "aniani". I kēia kūlana, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻoki ʻia ke kumu, akā hiki ke ʻoki ʻia me ka lāʻau a i ʻole e ʻoki ʻia me ka pahi. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke koʻi i mea e hōʻino ai i nā kumulāʻau.
Maanei hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi kiʻi o kahi ʻano oyster mushroom o kahi ʻano maʻamau, ʻo ka wehewehe ʻana i hāʻawi ʻia ma luna nei:
He aha ke ʻano o ka elm oyster mushroom (me ke kiʻi)
He mea kakaikahi loa ka Elm lyophyllum, a i ʻole ʻoyster mushroom (Lyophyllum ulmarium) i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke ʻai ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano like me nā halo oyster maʻamau, akā paʻakikī ke komo ʻana ma muli o ko lākou wahi kiʻekiʻe ma nā kumu lāʻau.
I ka hoʻoilo, noho pinepine lākou ma nā piko o nā ʻoka, pinepine i ke kiʻekiʻe o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mika. ʻO ko lākou kūlana waho e pili ana i ka manawa i hopu ʻia e ka hau. Inā ʻaʻole i pulu ka lewa ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā mahana maikaʻi ʻole, a hiki i nā halo oyster i ko lākou ulu kiʻekiʻe, a laila e mau nō lākou i ka hoʻoilo. I ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke mae, hiki i ko lākou mau ʻaoʻao ke lilo i ʻoi aku ka nalu, a huli nā halo pākahi mai ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele a mae loa.
Pono e hōʻiliʻili ʻia kēia mau halo i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo a i ʻole ma mua o ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo, akā ʻaʻole e ʻae ʻia e hoʻoheheʻe, i ka wā hiki ke maloʻo, hāʻule e like me nā lau kahiko.
ʻO kēia mau haloʻo ka mea nui loa ma waena o nā halo hoʻoilo hiki ke ʻai ʻia, me ke anawaena pāpale awelika o 10-20 cm.
Nā wahi noho: nā ululāʻau lau, nā pāka, ma nā kumu a me nā kumu lāʻau ʻoka, elm, elm a me nā lāʻau lau ʻē aʻe, hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā hui liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka pāpale he 5-15 cm ke anawaena, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 20 cm, ma ka convex mua, ma hope e kūlou.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai ma ke kiʻi, ʻo kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano oyster mushroom ʻo ke kala nani ʻole o ka pāpale, e like me ka pua lā - lā, melemele-ʻeleʻele, ʻili ka ʻili o ka pāpale, ʻeleʻele me ka wai. kiko:
Ma ka hoʻoilo, lilo ka ʻili o ka pāpale i mauʻu-melemele a ʻaʻole ʻike hou ʻia nā kiko. Ke ulu ka halo ma luna o kahi lāʻau, liʻiliʻi pinepine ma kahi kumu, loaʻa paha kahi hoʻonohonoho asymmetric o nā wāwae. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao o ka pāpale e kūlou i lalo, he ʻale. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ke kala ma nā ʻaoʻao ma mua o ka ʻāpana nui o ka pāpale. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻololi ke kala i ka mauʻu melemele. ʻEleʻele nā ʻano mea kahiko, lilo i ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele paha.
ʻO ka wāwae he 4-10 knm ka lōʻihi, 7-15 mm ka mānoanoa, ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo ma mua, ma hope he melemele a ʻeleʻele māmā. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā kumu o nā wāwae.
ʻO ka pulp he palupalu, hina-ʻulaʻula, me kaʻonoʻoluʻolu, kokoke i kaʻala.
ʻO nā papa he ākea, pili, ma mua keʻokeʻo, ma hope buffy a ʻeleʻele māmā.
ʻokoʻa: ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka pāpale mai ka melemele-gula a i ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
Nā ʻano like. I ka hāʻule, ma muli o kona nui nui a me ka lā a me nā wahi wai, paʻakikī ka elm lyophyllum e huikau me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. I ka hāʻule ʻana, hiki ke huikau kēia ʻaha i ka helehelena me kahi lālani lehulehu, kahi ʻokoʻa i kona wahi noho - ma ka ʻāina, akā ʻaʻole ma luna o nā kumulāʻau. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻohe ona ʻano like.
Nā hana kuke: hoʻolapalapa, ʻai, paʻakai ma hope o ka hoʻolapalapa mua ʻana no 15-20 mau minuke.
Edible, 4th waeʻano.
E ʻike i ke ʻano o ka ʻōhiʻo oyster ma kēia mau kiʻi:
Autumn oyster mushroom: kiʻi a me ka wehewehe
ʻO ka noho ʻana o ka halo ʻo ka hāʻule (Pleurotus salignus): poplars, lindens; ulu ma nā pūʻulu.
Season: Ke ulu nei nā halo oyster i ka mahina o Kepakemapa - Nowemapa a hiki i ka hau mua, a laila maloʻo lākou a hiki i ka pūnāwai, me ka ʻole o ka hau i ka hoʻoilo, mālama maikaʻi ʻia lākou i ka puna.
ʻO ka pāpale o kēia ʻano oyster mushroom he 4-8 cm ke anawaena, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 12 cm. Ulu nā kino hua a pau mai ke kumu hoʻokahi.
He pōkole ka ʻōpala, asymmetrically loaʻa, pinepine ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pāpale, he 2-5 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a me 10-40 mm mānoanoa, pubescent. ʻO ke kala o nā wāwae he cream a keʻokeʻo-melemele.
Pulp: lahilahi, paʻa, keʻokeʻo, me ka ʻono a me ka ʻala ʻoluʻolu.
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi, paʻa nā papa o kēia ʻano oyster mushroom, e iho mai ana ma ke kumu, pinepine, cream a i ʻole melemele māmā i ke kala:
ʻokoʻa. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka pāpale mai ka hina-ʻeleʻele a i ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
Nā ʻano like. Ua like ke ano o ka halo o ka Autumn me ka haloo oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus), aka, ua oi aku ka eleele me ka nui o ka eleele.
Nā hana kuke: hiki ke hoʻolapalapa ʻia nā halo a me ka palai, hiki ke kī.
Edible, 4th waeʻano.
A laila, e ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā halo ʻoyster.
He aha ke ʻano o ka halo ʻooster
ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā ʻōhiʻo ʻoyster (Pleurotus calyptratus): ka lāʻau palaka - birch, aspen, ʻoka, liʻiliʻi pinepine - ma luna o nā kumu a me nā lāʻau coniferous make - spruce a me ka fir, e ulu i nā hui.
Season: ʻApelila – Kepakemapa.
ʻO ka pāpale o kēia ʻano ʻano oyster mushroom he 4-10 cm ke anawaena, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 12 cm. me ka radial fiber.
E noʻonoʻo i ke kiʻi - ʻo ka wāwae o kēia ʻano oyster mushroom he pōkole loa, asymmetrically, a ʻaʻole loa:
Pulp: lahilahi, paʻa, keʻokeʻo, me ka ʻono a me ka ʻala ʻoluʻolu.
He pinepine nā papa, i ka mua keʻokeʻo, pinepine, hope cream a i ʻole melemele māmā.
ʻokoʻa. ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka pāpale mai ka ʻaila a i ʻulaʻula a me ka hina.
Nā ʻano like. Ua like ke ano o ka haloo i uhi ia me ka halo o ka oyster (Pleurotus pulmonarius), ka mea i ikeia e kona papale eleele a me ke alo o ke kumu.
Nā hana kuke: hiki ke hoʻolapalapa ʻia nā halo, paʻi ʻia, hiki ke kī.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka halo ʻoyster
ʻO ka noho ʻana o ka ʻala ʻoyster (Pleurotus pulmonarius): nā lāʻau palaka - birch, aspen, ʻoka, liʻiliʻi pinepine - ma luna o nā kumu a me nā lāʻau coniferous make - spruce a me ka fir, ulu i nā hui.
Season: ʻApelila – Kepakemapa
He 4-10 knm ke anawaena o ka pāpale, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 16 knm. He lahilahi nā ʻaoʻao o ka pāpale, māwae pinepine. ʻO ke kala o ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka pāpale he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, aʻo nā ʻaoʻao, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, he māmā, melemele.
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi, ʻo nā ʻaoʻao o ka pāpale o ka ʻōhiʻo o kēia ʻano he fibrous a he radial outline:
He pōkole ke kumu, asymmetrically loaʻa, pinepine ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pāpale, he 1-3 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a he 6-15 mm ka mānoanoa. He ʻano cylindrical ka wāwae, keʻokeʻo, paʻa, pubescent.
Pulp: lahilahi, paʻa, keʻokeʻo, me ka ʻono a me ka ʻala ʻoluʻolu.
Hoʻopili nā papa, e iho ana ma ke kumu, i ka mua keʻokeʻo, pinepine, hope cream a i ʻole melemele māmā.
ʻokoʻa. ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka pāpale mai ke keʻokeʻo a melemele keʻokeʻo i ka ʻaila a me ka melemele ʻeleʻele.
Nā ʻano like. Ua like ka pulmonary oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), i ʻike ʻia e ka pāpale polū-hinahina i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me kahi pāpale hina-uliuli i loko o nā halo makua.
ʻO ka waiwai hōʻiliʻili o nā mea ʻino: ʻO kēia ʻano ka waiwai maikaʻi o ka hōʻiliʻili haʻahaʻa o nā metala kaumaha.
Nā hana kuke: kini ʻia.
Nā hana kuke: e hoolapalapa a e palai, e malama.
Edible, 3 waeʻano
Hōʻike kēia mau kiʻi i nā halo oyster o nā ʻano like ʻole, ka wehewehe ʻana o ia mea i hōʻike ʻia ma kēia ʻaoʻao:
He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o nā halo ʻoyster
He mau waiwai kū hoʻokahi ko nā halo ʻoyster - he hale ʻai kūʻokoʻa me nā paʻakai mineral a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe e pono ai ke kanaka.
Loaʻa iā lākou kahi paʻakikī o nā huaora: A, C, D, E, B1, B2, B6, B12, a me 18 amino acids pono no ke kanaka.
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā waiwai maikaʻi o nā halo oyster ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka amylase a me ka lipase enzymes, e kōkua ana i ka haki ʻana o nā momona, fiber a me glycogen.
Loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻakika koʻikoʻi unsaturated pono, a me ka nui o nā mea biologically active e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka cholesterol a loaʻa nā hopena anti-sclerotic.
He mea maikaʻi loa ka ʻoyster mushroom no ke kino o ke kanaka, ʻoiai he lāʻau maikaʻi loa ia no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻōpū. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e lawe i ka wai mushroom hou i ka ʻōpū ʻole. I ka manawa like, hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka gastritis a me ka ʻeha. ʻO nā mea pono ʻē aʻe o nā halo oyster penei:
- hoʻomaikaʻi lākou i ka motility ʻōpū;
- hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻōla i nā ʻeha a mālama i nā ʻeha;
- loaʻa nā waiwai hemostatic, emollient a me ka enveloping;
- hoʻoikaika i ka weheʻana i nā meaʻawaʻawa, nā meaʻawaʻawa;
- he sorbent;
- he mea koʻikoʻi ia o ka meaʻai anti-cholesterol, kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā momona o ke koko, he mea nui loa ia no nā kīʻaha puʻuwai a me ke kahe koko;
- Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo oyster mushroom infusion no ka neurosis, no kēia, ʻoki ʻia nā halo hou i ka nui o 3 punetēpē i ninini ʻia me ka hapalua lita o ka waina ʻulaʻula, no ka laʻana, Cahors, a hoʻokomo ʻia no hoʻokahi pule, ua inu ʻia ka hopena infusion i 2 punetēpē ma mua. manawa moe;
- loaʻa i nā pūhui me ka hana antioxidant, ma muli o ka hoʻemi ʻana o ke kaʻina hana kahiko o ke kino; Loaʻa nā mea e hoʻoikaika i ka excretion o ka cholesterol mai ke kino, a hoʻemi i ka hopena o ka atherosclerosis;
- ʻo ka hoʻokomo ʻana o nā ʻōhiʻo oyster i ka meaʻai e hōʻemi nui i ka hiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi kanesa;
- hōʻike i ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi malaria.
- ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi o ka ʻoyster mushrooms no ke kanaka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka nui o ka hana antibacterial.
