ʻO Bioplastic
Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei kēia huaʻōlelo maʻalahi no ka nui o nā plastics, me nā plastics fossil-fuel a me nā plastics derived biologically i biodegradable, a me nā plastik bio-based ʻaʻole hiki ke biodegradable. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia e hana ʻia kahi "bioplastic" mai nā wahie ʻawaʻawa ʻole, non-fossil a i ʻole e biodegrade.
palaka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia
Pono ka huahana biodegradable, me ke kōkua o nā microorganisms, e hoʻoheheʻe i loko o nā mea maka maoli i kekahi manawa. ʻO ka "Biodegradation" kahi hana hohonu ma mua o ka "hoʻopau" a i ʻole "poho". Ke ʻōlelo nei lākou ua "haʻihaʻi" ka plastic, ʻoiaʻiʻo, lilo ia i mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka plastic. ʻAʻohe mea maʻamau i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i kahi huahana ma ke ʻano he "biodegradable", ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻohe ala maopopo e wehewehe i ke ʻano o ia mea, a no laila hoʻohana like ʻole nā mea hana.
kumukanawai a
Hoʻohui ʻia nā mea kemika i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i nā huahana plastik e hoʻoikaika iā lākou, palekana, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, a me nā ʻano mea makemake ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā mea hoʻohui maʻamau ka wai repellants, nā pale ahi, nā mānoanoa, nā mea palupalu, nā puaʻa, a me nā mea hoʻōla UV. Loaʻa paha kekahi o kēia mau mea hoʻohui i nā mea ʻona.
Pākīpika compostable
No ka mea hiki ke hoʻopuehu ʻia, pono e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kona mau mea kūlohelohe (a i ʻole biodegradable) i loko o kahi "poʻo wai wai kūpono". Hiki ke hoʻopuehu ʻia kekahi mau plastics, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopuehu ʻia ka hapa nui i loko o ka puʻu compost ma hope. Akā, makemake lākou i kahi wela kiʻekiʻe aʻe i kahi manawa e decompose piha.
Microplastics
ʻO nā microplastics nā ʻāpana plastik i emi iho ma mua o ʻelima millimeters ka lōʻihi. ʻElua ʻano microplastics: mua a me ka lua.
Loaʻa nā microplastics mua i nā pellet resin i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hana i nā huahana plastik a me nā microbeads i hoʻohui ʻia i nā huahana e like me nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā kopa a me nā niho niho e like me nā abrasives. Loaʻa nā microplastics lua mai ka ʻohi ʻana i nā huahana plastik nui. ʻO nā microfibers he mau kaula plastik i ulana pū ʻia e hana i nā lole e like me ka polyester, nylon, acrylic, etc.
ʻO ke kahawai hoʻokahi
He ʻōnaehana kahi e hoʻokomo ʻia ai nā mea hana hou - nūpepa, pahu pahu, plastik, metala, aniani - i loko o hoʻokahi pahu hana hou. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōpala lua ma ke kikowaena hana hou e nā mīkini a me ka lima, ʻaʻole e nā mea hale. Loaʻa nā pono a me nā pōʻino kēia ala. Wahi a ka poʻe kākoʻo, ʻo ka hoʻohana hou ʻana o ka wai hoʻokahi e hoʻonui i ka komo ʻana o ka lehulehu i ka hana hou ʻana, akā ʻōlelo ka poʻe kūʻē e alakaʻi i ka pollution ʻoi aʻe ma muli o ka pau ʻana o kekahi o nā mea hana hou i loko o nā waihona ʻāina a ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai.
ʻO nā plastic i hoʻopau ʻia
Hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana plastik i hoʻokahi wale nō, e like me nā ʻeke kūʻai lahilahi a me nā ʻeke kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hoʻopaʻa i nā mea āpau mai ka meaʻai a hiki i nā mea pāʻani. Ma kahi o 40% o nā plastic non-fiber a pau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopili ʻana. Ke hoʻāʻo nei ka poʻe kaiapuni e hoʻohuli i ka poʻe e hōʻoki i nā plastik hoʻohana hoʻokahi a ma kahi o ke koho ʻana i nā mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana ʻana e like me nā hue metala a i ʻole nā ʻeke pulupulu.
nā au pōʻai moana
ʻElima mau au pōʻaipoʻi nui ma ka Honua, ʻo ia nā ʻōnaehana nui o nā au moana kaʻapuni i hana ʻia e ka makani a me ke au: ʻo ka Akau a me ka Pākīpika Hema, ka Akau a me ka ʻAkelanika Hema, a me ka Moana Inia. ʻOhi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻōpala o ke kai i nā ʻāpana nui o nā ʻōpala. Loaʻa nā ʻōpala nui a pau i kēia manawa, a ʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻāpana hou i nā gyre liʻiliʻi.
ʻōpala ʻōpala moana
Ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ke au o ka moana, ʻohi pinepine nā ʻōpala o ke kai i nā au pōʻai moana, e hana ana i nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo nā ʻōpala. I loko o nā kahawai pōʻai nui loa, hiki i kēia mau ʻāpana ke uhi i hoʻokahi miliona mau mile square. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea hana i kēia mau kiko he plastic. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻōpala nui loa i kapa ʻia ʻo Great Pacific Garbage Patch a aia ma waena o Kaleponi a me Hawaii ma ka Moana Pākīpika ʻĀkau.
ʻO Polmers
Hana ʻia nā plastik, i kapa ʻia ʻo polymers, ma ka hui ʻana i nā poloka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā pūnaewele ʻāpana. ʻO kēlā mau poloka i kapa ʻia e ka poʻe chemists he monomers i hui ʻia i nā pūʻulu atom i loaʻa mai nā huahana kūlohelohe a i ʻole ma ka synthesizing i nā kemika mua mai ka aila, ke kinoea maoli, a i ʻole ka lanahu. No kekahi mau plastic, e like me ka polyethylene, hoʻokahi wale nō carbon atom a me ʻelua hydrogen atoms hiki ke lilo i ʻāpana hou. No nā plastics ʻē aʻe, e like me ka nylon, hiki i ka hui hou ke komo i 38 a ʻoi aku paha nā mana. I ka wā e hui pū ʻia ai, ikaika, māmā a paʻa nā kaulahao monomer, e hoʻohana pono ai lākou i ka home - a pilikia loa ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou me ka mālama ʻole.
PAT
ʻO PET, a i ʻole polyethylene terephthalate, kekahi o nā ʻano polymers a i ʻole plastics i hoʻohana nui ʻia. ʻO ia ka ʻilika akaka, lōʻihi a māmā hoʻi no ka ʻohana polyester. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā mea maʻamau o ka hale.