PMA: he aha ka ʻōlelo a ke kānāwai bioethics o 2021?

Ua mālama mua ʻia no nā kāne heterosexual e kū nei i nā pilikia i ka hānau ʻana, ua loaʻa i kēia manawa ke kōkua ʻana i nā wahine hoʻokahi a me nā kāne wahine mai ke kauwela o 2021.

Wehewehe: he aha ka manaʻo o ka PMA?

ʻO ka PMA kahi acronym e kū nei hana hou ʻia. ʻO AMP ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana i kōkua ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻElua inoa e koho ai i nā ʻenehana āpau e manaʻo nei e kākoʻo i ka poʻe pono ke kōkua e hoʻokō i kā lākou keiki.

Hiki i nā ʻano hana like ʻole ke kākoʻo nā kāne male kāne ʻole, nā kāne male a me nā wahine hoʻokahi i ko lakou makemake i ke keiki: IVF (in vitro fertilization), artificial insemination a me ka loaa ana o na embryos.

ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana i kēia hana hou i kōkua ʻia?

Mai ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana e ka National Assembly i ka Pōʻalua, Iune 29, 2021, o ke kānāwai bioethics, hiki i nā kāne heterosexual, nā kāne wahine a me nā wahine hoʻokahi ke hoʻohana i kēia ʻano hana no ke kōkua ʻana i ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻihoʻi ʻia kēia kōkua olakino ma ke ʻano like, me ka nānā ʻole i ke kūlana o ka mea noi. Mālama ka Social Security i nā kumukūʻai o ART ma Farani a hiki i ka lā hānau o ka wahine he 43, no ka nui o 6 inseminations artificial a me 4 in vitro fertilizations.

PMA no nā mea a pau ma Farani: he aha ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kānāwai bioethics 2021?

ʻO ka bila bioethics i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka National Assembly ma Iune 29, 2021 ʻaʻole wale e hoʻonui i ke komo ʻana i ke kōkua olakino no nā wahine hoʻokahi a me nā kāne wahine. Hiki nō hoʻi mālama pono i nā gametes koe wale no nā kumu lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi wahine a kāne paha e makemake ana, hoʻololi ia kūlana inoa ʻole no ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā gametes a pēlā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i ke kumu o nā keiki i hānau ʻia mai kahi hāʻawi, a kau ʻia i kahi kūlana kūlike i ka mea makemake e hāʻawi. he haawi koko - heterosexual a i ʻole homosexual.

He aha ka huakaʻi o ka hana hou i kōkua ʻia?

He lōʻihi nā palena manawa ma kēlā me kēia pae o ka huakaʻi o kahi PMA a i ʻole MPA ma Farani. No laila pono e hooikaika ia oe iho me ke ahonui, a he mea pono ke hilinaʻi i ke kākoʻo o nā ʻohana, a i ʻole ka psychologist. No nā kāne heterosexual, e ʻōlelo ka gynecologist i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e loaʻa kahi keiki maʻamau no hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā hoʻāʻo fertility a, hiki paha, ka huakaʻi hānau me ke kōkua olakino.

ʻO ka hana mua i ka huakaʻi hoʻohua i kōkua ʻia ʻo ka hoʻonāukiuki ovarian. A laila ʻokoʻa nā ʻanuʻu ma muli o ke kaʻina hana a mākou e hahai nei: in vitro fertilization a i ʻole insemination artificial. ʻO ka papa inoa kali no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hāʻawi o nā gametes i manaʻo ʻia ma hookahi makahiki ma ka awelika. Me ka bila bioethics, ka hoʻonui hou ʻana o ka loaʻa ʻana i ka hana hou i kōkua ʻia a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kūlana o ka inoa ʻole no ka hāʻawi gamete, hiki i kēia mau papa inoa ke ulu lōʻihi.

Ma hea e hana ai i kahi MAP?

Aia ia 31 kikowaena o PMA ma 2021 ma Farani, i kapa ʻia ʻo CECOS (Center for the Study and Conservation of Human Eggs and Sperm). Aia i loko o kēia mau kikowaena hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā gametes.

He aha ke ʻano o ka filiation kūikawā no nā kāne wahine?

Hāʻawi ka bila bioethics 2021 no kahi ʻano hana makua kikoʻī no nā kāne o nā wāhine e hoʻokō ana i ka hoʻohua i kōkua ʻia ma Farani. ʻO ka pahuhopu e ʻae i ka makuahine i hānau ʻole i ke keiki e hoʻokumu iā ia makua me keia. No laila, pono nā makuahine ʻelua e hoʻokō a ʻike mua ʻana hui i mua o ka notary, i ka manawa like me ka ʻae ʻana i ka hāʻawi i koi ʻia no nā kāne a pau. E ʻōlelo ʻia kēia ʻano hana filiation kikoʻī ma palapala hānau piha o ke keiki. ʻO ka makuahine nāna i hānau ke keiki, e lilo ia i makuahine i ka wā hānau.

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā kāne wahine i hāpai i ke keiki ma ke kōkua ʻana i ka hānau ʻana ma waho ma mua o ke kānāwai e hiki nō ke pōmaikaʻi mai kēia ʻano hana no ʻekolu makahiki.

PMA a i ʻole GPA: he aha nā ʻokoʻa?

ʻAʻole like me ka hoʻohua i kōkua ʻia, pili ka surrogacy a "makuahine pani" : ka wahine i makemake i keiki a hiki ole ke hapai, e kahea aku i kekahi wahine e hapai i ke keiki ma kona wahi. Hoʻohana pū nā kāne kāne i ka surrogacy e lilo i mau mākua. 

I loko o kahi hoʻopiʻi, loaʻa i ka "makuahine pani" ma o ka insemination artificial ka spermatozoa a me ka oocyte, ka hopena mai nā mākua i ka wā e hiki mai ana a i ʻole ma muli o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā gametes.

Ua pāpā ʻia kēia hana ma Farani akā ua ʻae ʻia i kekahi o ko mākou mau hoalauna ʻEulopa a ʻAmelika paha.