Contents
E heluhelu ia oe iho a e hai aku i kau hoa! Pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian a pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
I ka 2020, ʻoi aku ma mua o 13 tausani mau hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma Rukia. He paʻakikī ke pale aku iā ia, a me ke kuhikuhi ʻana iā ia i nā wā mua: ʻaʻohe ʻōuli kikoʻī.
Me ka obstetrician-gynecologist o ka "CM-Clinic" ʻo Ivan Valerievich Komar, ʻike mākou i ka mea e makaʻu, pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka likelike o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian a pehea e mālama ai inā ua hiki.
He aha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia cell i ke ola o ke kanaka kahi ola. ʻOiai e ulu ana ke aʻa, ola a hana, lilo ia i mea nui me ka ʻōpala a hōʻiliʻili i nā hoʻololi. Ke nui a lehulehu o lākou, make ka cell. Akā i kekahi manawa haki kekahi mea, a ma kahi o ka make ʻana, hoʻomau ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka pūnaewele pono ʻole. Inā he nui loa o kēia mau hunaola, a ʻaʻohe manawa o nā hunaola ʻē aʻe e luku ai iā lākou, ua puka mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
Hana ʻia ka ʻōkena ovarian i nā ovaries, nā wahine hānau hānau wahine e hua i nā hua a ʻo ia ke kumu nui o nā hormones wahine. Aia ke ʻano o ka tumo i ka pūnaewele i hoʻomaka mai ai ia. ʻO kahi laʻana, hoʻomaka nā ʻōpala epithelial mai nā hunaola epithelial o ka pahu fallopian. ʻO ka 80% o nā tumo ovarian like like. Akā ʻaʻole nā neoplasma āpau e kolohe.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian
ʻO ka maʻi XNUMX ovarian cancer ke hana pinepine ʻole i nā ʻōuli. A ʻoiai i nā wā ma hope, pono ʻole kēia mau ʻōuli.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā ʻōuli nā:
ʻeha, ʻōhū, a me ke ʻano kaumaha i loko o ka ʻōpū;
hōʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻeha ma ka wahi pelvic;
kahe o ke kahe a i ʻole ka hemo maʻamau ma hope o ka menopause;
ka māʻona wikiwiki a i ʻole ka make ʻana o ka makemake;
ke hoʻololi nei i nā maʻamau o ka lua: ka urination pinepine, ka paʻa paʻa.
Inā kū kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli a hele ʻole i loko o ʻelua pule, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka. ʻO ka hapanui paha, ʻaʻole kēia ka maʻi ʻaʻai, akā kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, akā me ka nīnau ʻole ʻana i ka gynecologist, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike a hoʻōla paha.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai ʻole asymptomat, e like me ka hihia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian. Eia nō naʻe, inā he cyst kahi mea maʻi e hiki ke ʻeha, e hoʻoikaika kēia i ka mea maʻi e ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻike i nā loli. Akā i ka nui o nā hihia, ʻaʻohe ʻōuli. A inā ʻike ʻia, a laila nui paha ka tumo i ka nui a i ʻole pili i nā ʻokana ʻē aʻe. No laila, ʻaʻole ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo nui e kali no nā ʻōuli a kipa pinepine i kahi gynecologist.
ʻO ka hapakolu wale nō o nā maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian e ʻike ʻia i ka pae mua a ʻelua paha, ke kau palena ʻia ka tumo i nā ovaries. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi wānana maikaʻi ma nā ʻōlelo o ka lapaʻau. ʻIke ʻia ka hapalua o nā hihia i ke kolu o ka pae, ke ʻike ʻia nā metastases i ka lua o ka ʻōpū. A ʻo ke koena 20%, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea ʻelima o ka mea maʻi e ʻeha nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian, ʻike ʻia i ka pae ʻehā, ke hoʻolaha ʻia nā metastases a puni ke kino.
ʻO wai ka pilikia?
ʻAʻole hiki ke wānana i ka mea e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a ʻo wai ka ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau pilikia e hoʻonui i kēia likelihood.
ʻO nā makahiki ʻelemakule: ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōvarian pinepine pinepine ʻia ma waena o nā makahiki o 50-60.
Hoʻoilina hoʻoilina i nā genes BRCA1 a me BRCA2 e hoʻonui pū i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Ma waena o nā wahine me ka mutation ma BRCA1 i ka makahiki 80, e ulu lākou i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian, a me BRCA2 - 11-17%.
ʻO Ovarian a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i nā ʻohana pili.
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) ma hope o ka menopause. HRT , ka mea e hoʻi i ka pae mua me ka hopena o ka lawe lāʻau.
ʻO ka hoʻomaka mua o ka menstruation a me ka hopena o ka menopause.
ʻO ka hānau mua ma hope o 35 mau makahiki a i ʻole ka ʻole o nā keiki i kēia makahiki.
ʻO ka kaumaha nui kekahi mea pilikia. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi oncological wahine kaukaʻi i ka estrogen, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻokumu ʻia lākou e ka hana o estrogens, nā homone wahine. Hūnā ʻia lākou e nā ovaries, ʻāpana e nā adrenal a me nā aʻa adipose. Inā he nui nāʻaola adipose, a laila e nui aku ka estrogen, no laila ke kiʻekiʻe o ka likelike o ka maʻi.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ke kūlana olakino, a inā he keiki a ka wahine. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hele nā mea maʻi ma o ka wehe ʻana o ka tumo me ka chemotherapy e pepehi i nā hunaola i koe. I ke kolu o ka pae, metastases, ma ke ʻano he ulu, ulu i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, a i kēia hihia hiki i ke kauka ke paipai i kekahi o nā ʻano chemotherapy - ka hana HIPEC.
ʻO ka HIPEC ka chemotherapy intraperitoneal hyperthermic. No ke kaua kūpale, mālama ʻia ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū me kahi hopena wela o nā lāʻau chemotherapy, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, luku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana he ʻekolu mau hanana. ʻO ka mea mua ka wehe ʻana i kahi ʻoki o nā neoplasma malignant e ʻike ʻia. I ka pae ʻelua, hoʻokomo ʻia nā catheters i loko o ka lua o ka ʻōpū, kahi e hāʻawi ʻia ai kahi hopena o kahi lāʻau chemotherapy i hoʻomehana ʻia i 42-43 ° C. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kēia mahana ma mua o 36,6 ° C, no laila kau ʻia nā mea ʻike wela i ka lua o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka pae ʻekolu ka hopena. Holoi ka lua, sutured nā ʻokiʻoki. Hiki ke kaʻina hana i ʻewalu mau hola.
Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian
ʻAʻohe meaʻai maʻalahi no ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian. Akā e like me nā mea e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu, aia kekahi e hōʻemi iā ia. Maʻalahi ke ukali i kekahi, e koi ana kekahi i ke ʻoki. Eia kekahi mau ala e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian.
Ka pale ʻana i nā kumu pilikia: ke kaumaha nui, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka papaʻai kaulike ʻole, a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana i ka HRT ma hope o ka menopause.
Lawe i nā mea pāpālina waha. ʻO nā wahine i hoʻohana iā lākou no nā makahiki he ʻelima a ʻoi paha ka hapa o ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian ma mua o nā wahine i hoʻohana ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole e hoʻonui ka lawe ʻana i nā mea pale waha i ka likelike o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. No laila, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia ia mau mea no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
Ligate i nā paipu fallopian, wehe i ka uterus a me nā ovaries. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano inā kiʻekiʻe ka makaʻu o ka wahine i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a loaʻa nā keiki. Ma hope o ka hana, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hāpai.
Hānai umauma. ʻo ka hānai ʻana i hoʻokahi makahiki e hoʻemi ana i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian e 34%.
E kipa pinepine i kāu gynecologist. I ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, nānā ke kauka i ka nui a me ka hanana o nā ovaries a me ka uterus, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā tumors mua e paʻakikī e ʻike. Pono ke kauka wahine e kuhikuhi i kahi ultrasound transvaginal o nā kino pelvic no ka nānā ʻana. A inā he wahine i loko o kahi hui kūlana kiʻekiʻe, no ka laʻana, loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻololi i nā genes BRCA (ʻelua mau ʻāpana BRCA1 a me BRCA2, ʻo ka inoa o "gen cancer cancer" ma English), a laila pono ia e hele i kahi hoʻokolohua koko no ka CA- 125 a me ka mark tumor HE-4. ʻO ka kānana maʻamau, e like me ka mammography no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, aia nō no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian.