ʻO Silicon (Si) ka lua o ka mea nui loa ma ka ʻili o ka Honua (ma hope o ka oxygen), e hoʻopuni ana iā mākou ma nā wahi āpau ma ke ʻano o ke one, nā pōhaku kūkulu hale, nā aniani, a pēlā aku. Ma kahi o 27% o ka ʻōpala o ka honua he silika. Ua loaʻa ka manaʻo kūikawā mai ka mahiʻai i nā makahiki i hala aku nei ma muli o kona hopena maikaʻi i kekahi mau mea kanu. Ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nei ka fertilization silikon ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa no ka hakakā ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi biotic a me abiotic i nā mea kanu a puni ka honua.
Ma ke ʻano, ʻaʻole maʻamau ia i kona ʻano maʻemaʻe, akā pili pū me kahi mole oxygen ma ke ʻano o ka silicon dioxide - silica. ʻO Quartz, ka mea nui o ke one, he silica non-crystallized. ʻO ka silikoni he metalloid, kahi mea e waiho ana ma waena o ka metala a me ka metala ʻole, nona nā waiwai ʻelua. He semiconductor ia, ʻo ia hoʻi ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka uila. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole like me ka metala maʻamau, .
Ua ʻike mua ʻia kēia mea e ka mea loea Suedena ʻo Jöns Jakob Berzelius i ka makahiki 1824, nāna i ʻike i ka cerium, selenium a me thorium. ma ke ʻano he semiconductor, hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā transistors, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka uila, mai radios a i ka iPhone. Hoʻohana ʻia ka silikoni ma kekahi ʻano a i ʻole ma nā cell solar a me nā ʻāpana kamepiula. Wahi a ka National Laboratory Lawrence Livermore, e hoʻohuli i ke silika i transistor, ua "hoʻoheheʻe ʻia" kona ʻano crystalline me kahi liʻiliʻi o nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka boron a i ʻole phosphorus. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia mau mea me nā ʻātoma silika, e hoʻokuʻu ana i nā electrons e neʻe i loko o ka mea.
ʻO ka noiʻi silikoni hou e like me ka moʻolelo ʻepekema: i ka makahiki 2006, ua hoʻolaha nā ʻepekema i ka hana ʻana i kahi puʻupuʻu kamepiula e hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana silika me nā pūnaewele lolo. No laila, hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia nā hōʻailona uila mai nā pūnaewele lolo i kahi puʻupuʻu silikona uila, a ʻo ia hoʻi. ʻO ka pahuhopu e hana hope i kahi mea uila no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi neurological.
Ua mākaukau ʻo Silicon e hana i kahi laser ultra-thin, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo nanoneedle, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻololi i ka ʻikepili me ka wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā kaula optical kuʻuna.
ʻO ka poʻe astronauts i pae i ka mahina i ka makahiki 1969, ua haʻalele lākou i kahi ʻeke keʻokeʻo i loaʻa kahi disk silika i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke kālā kālā. Aia ka disc he 73 mau memo mai nā ʻāina like ʻole me ka makemake no ka maikaʻi a me ka maluhia.
ʻAʻole like ka Silicon me ka silicone. Hana ʻia ka mea hope i ke silika me ka oxygen, carbon a me ka hydrogen. Hiki i kēia mea ke ʻae i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.
Hiki i ka Silicone ke pilikia i ke olakino. ʻO ka hanu ʻana i loko o ka manawa lōʻihi hiki ke hoʻoulu i kahi maʻi māmā i kapa ʻia ʻo silicosis.
Makemake ʻoe i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka opal? Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻano ma muli o ke silika. ʻO ka pōhaku makamae he ʻano silica i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā molekole wai.
Loaʻa ka inoa ʻo Silicon Valley mai ka silika, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻāpana kamepiula. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ka inoa ponoʻī i ka makahiki 1971 ma ka Electronic News.
ʻOi aku ma mua o 90% o ka ʻōpala o ka honua i loko o nā minerala a me nā pūhui silicate.
Hoʻopili nā diatoms wai maʻemaʻe a me ka moana i ke silika mai ka wai e kūkulu i ko lākou mau paia paʻa.
Pono ka silikoni i ka hana kila.
He kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka silikon i ka wā i loko o ke ʻano wai ma mua o ka wā paʻa.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka hana silikona o ka honua e hana i kahi huila i kapa ʻia ʻo ferrosilicon, aia i loko o ka hao.
He liʻiliʻi wale nō nā mea olaola ma ka Honua e pono ai ke silikoni.
ʻO Silicon i kekahi o lākou, ʻaʻole hiki ke kūpono i ka irrigation manawa. Eia kekahi: ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka laiki a me ka palaoa me ka silikoni a hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia e ka makani a i ʻole ka ua. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia hoʻi ua hoʻonui ke silika i ke kūʻē ʻana o kekahi mau mea kanu i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka fungal.