truffle kauwela (Tuber aestivum)
- 'Oihana: Ascomycota (Ascomycetes)
- Māhele: Pezizomycotina (Pezizomycotins)
- Papa: Pezizomycetes (Pezizomycetes)
- Type: Tuber aestivum (Summer truffle (Black Truffle))
- Skorzone
- Truffle saint jean
- truffle ʻeleʻele kauwela
truffle kauwela (ʻO ka t. ʻO ke kau wela) he halo o ka genus Truffle (lat. Tuber) o ka ʻohana Truffle (lat. Tuberaceae).
E pili ana i nā mea i kapa ʻia he ascomycetes, a i ʻole marsupial. ʻO kona ʻohana pili he morel a me nā humuhumu.
ʻO nā kino hua 2,5-10 cm ke anawaena, ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele, ka ʻili me nā warts ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele pyramidal nui. ʻO ka pulp he melemele-keʻokeʻo a hina paha, ma hope he ʻeleʻele a melemele-ʻeleʻele paha, me ka nui o nā ʻaʻa keʻokeʻo e hana ana i kahi ʻano marble hiʻohiʻona, paʻa loa i ka mua, ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe i nā halo kahiko. ʻO ka ʻono o ka pulp he nutty, ʻono, ʻoluʻolu ke ʻala, ikaika, i kekahi manawa e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻala o ka algae a i ʻole nā lau nahele. Aia nā kino hua ma lalo o ka lepo, ʻike pinepine ʻia ma kahi pāpaʻu, ʻike ʻia nā halo kahiko ma luna o ka ʻili.
Hoʻokumu ia i ka mycorrhiza me ka ʻoka, beech, hornbeam a me nā ʻano lau ākea ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pinepine me nā birches, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī me nā pine, ulu pāpaʻu (3-15 cm, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa a hiki i 30 cm) i ka lepo i nā ululāʻau deciduous a hui pū ʻia. , ma ka nui o ka lepo calcareous.
Ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka Federation, ʻo nā truffles i nā manawa like ʻole, a hiki i kā lākou hōʻiliʻili ʻana mai ka hopena o Iulai a hiki i ka hopena o Nowemapa.
ʻO kēia wale nō ka ʻelele o ka genus Tuber ma ko mākou ʻāina. ʻAʻole i hōʻoia ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi truffle hoʻoilo (Tuber brumale).
ʻO nā ʻāpana nui kahi e hua pinepine ai ka truffle ʻeleʻele a i kēlā me kēia makahiki ke kahakai ʻo Black Sea o ka Caucasus a me ka nahele-steppe zone o Crimea. Loaʻa nā ʻike ʻokoʻa i nā makahiki he 150 i hala iho nei ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o ko mākou ʻāina: ma nā wahi ʻo Podolsk, Tula, Belgorod, Oryol, Pskov a me Moscow. Ma ka moku'āinaʻo Podolsk, ua maʻamau ka halo i ka poʻe mahiʻai i ka hopena o ka 19th a me ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā kenekulia 20. komo i kana ohi a kuai.
ʻAno like:
ʻO Perigord truffle (Tuber melanosporum) - kekahi o nā truffles waiwai nui loa, ʻoi aku ka pōʻeleʻele o kona ʻiʻo i ka makahiki - i brown-violet; ʻO ka ʻili, ke kaomi ʻia, ua pena ʻia me ke kala ʻulaʻula.