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He aha ka tracheitis?
ʻO ka tracheitis ka maʻi ʻeha o ke kapa o ka trachea. Ma muli o nā ʻano o ka papa, ʻokoʻa ka tracheitis acute a me ka maʻi.
Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka tracheitis a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka nasopharynx (acute rhinitis, laryngitis a me ka pharyngitis). I loko o ka tracheitis acute, aia ka pehu o ka trachea, hyperemia o ka mucosa, ma luna o ka ʻili e hōʻiliʻili ai ka mucus; i kekahi manawa hiki mai ka petechial hemorrhages (me ka influenza).
Hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia ka tracheitis maʻi mai kahi ʻano acute. Ma muli o nā loli i ka mucous membrane, ʻelua mau subspecies: hypertrophic a me atrophic.
Me ka tracheitis hypertrophic, hoʻolahalaha nā moku a pehu ka mucous membrane. E ikaika ana ka huna huna, puka mai ka purulent sputum. ʻO ka tracheitis maʻi atrophic ke kumu o ka lahilahi o ka membrane mucous. Hiki ke uhi ʻia me nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi a hoʻoulu i ka ʻuʻu ikaika. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hiki ke atrophic tracheitis me ka atrophy o ka mucous membrane o ka ʻōpū hanu i luna.
Nā kumu o ka tracheitis
Hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia ka tracheitis ma muli o nā maʻi viral, i kekahi manawa ke kumu he staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, ʻona, a pēlā aku. Hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi ma muli o ka hypothermia, inhalation o ka ea maloʻo a i ʻole ke anuanu, nā kinoea ʻino a me nā mahu e hoʻonāukiuki i ka mucous membrane.
Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka tracheitis maʻi i ka poʻe puhi puhi a me nā mea inu. I kekahi manawa ʻo ke kumu o ka pathology he maʻi puʻuwai a me ka maʻi kīkī, emphysema, a i ʻole ka mumū mau o ka nasopharynx. Hoʻonui ka nui o nā maʻi tracheitis i ka wā hāʻule a me ka pūnāwai.
Nā ʻōuli o tracheitis
Ma waena o nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka tracheitis he ʻuʻu maloʻo ʻeha e ʻoi aʻe i ka pō a i ke kakahiaka. ʻAke ka mea maʻi me ka hanu hohonu, ʻakaʻaka, neʻe koke, hoʻololi i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa o ke kaiapuni.
Hoʻopili pū ʻia ka ʻāʻī ʻana me ka ʻeha ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka sternum. He pāpaʻu a he pinepine ka hanu o nā maʻi: ma kēia ala e hoʻāʻo ai lākou e kaupalena i kā lākou hanu hanu. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka tracheitis me ka laryngitis. A laila, lilo ka leo o ka mea maʻi i haʻahaʻa.
Hoʻonui iki ka mahana o ke kino i nā maʻi makua i ke ahiahi. I nā keiki, hiki i ke kuni ke piʻi i 39 °C. I ka wā mua, ʻaʻole nui ka nui o ka sputum, ʻike ʻia kona viscosity. Ke hele nei ka maʻi, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka mucus a me ka pus me ka sputum, piʻi ka nui o ka maʻi, ka ʻeha i ka wā o ka ʻu ʻana.
Inā, me ka tracheitis, pili pū ka bronchi i ka mumū, ʻoi aku ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi. Kapa ʻia kēia maʻi he tracheobronchitis. Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka ʻuʻu, ʻoi aku ka ʻeha a me ka ʻeha, piʻi ka mahana o ke kino.
Hiki i ka tracheitis ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia ma ka ʻōpū hanu haʻahaʻa (bronchopneumonia).
Hana ʻia ka ʻike o ka tracheitis me ke kōkua o kahi hoʻokolokolo: nānā ke kauka i ka ʻāʻī o ka mea maʻi me kahi laryngoscope, hoʻolohe i nā māmā.
Lapaʻau ʻana i ka tracheitis
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka tracheitis e pili ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kumu pathogenic i kumu i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, lawe ʻia ka etiotropic therapy. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic no ka tracheitis bacterial, nā lāʻau antiviral no ka tracheitis viral, a me nā antihistamines no ka tracheitis maʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā expectorant a me nā mucolytics (bromhexine). Me ka maloʻo maloʻo ikaika, hiki ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau antitussive.
Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokō i nā inhalations me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā inhaler a me nā nebulizer me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hopena lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka mālama pono ʻana i ka tracheitis e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hoʻōla hou ʻana i loko o 1-2 mau pule.