Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lolo mai ke koena o ke kino e ka pale koko-lolo. Pehea e hele ai nā maʻi maʻi i ka pale koko-lolo no ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena? Pehea ka hana o ka pale lolo koko?

ʻO ka pale koko-lolo he pale koho nui loa nona ka hana nui e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kikowaena pūnaewele (CNS) mai ke kahe koko. ʻO kāna hana e hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa pono i nā hoʻololi ma waena o ke koko a me ka cerebral compartment. No laila, hoʻokaʻawale ka pale koko-lolo i ka lolo mai ke koena o ke kino a hāʻawi iā ia i kahi ʻano kikoʻī, ʻokoʻa mai ke kaiapuni i loko o ke koena o ke kino.

Loaʻa i ka pale koko-lolo nā mea kānana kūikawā e hiki ai ke pale aku i nā mea ʻona mai ke komo ʻana i ka lolo a me ke kuamoʻo.

ʻO kēia pale hemoencephalic, mahalo i kāna kānana koho nui, hiki ke ʻae i ka hele ʻana o ka wai, kekahi mau kinoea a me nā molekole liposoluble e ka passive diffusion, a me ka lawe ʻana i nā molekole e like me ka glucose a me nā waikawa amino e pāʻani i kahi kuleana. koʻikoʻi i ka hana neuronal a pale i ke komo ʻana o nā neurotoxins lipophilic hiki, ma o kahi ʻano hana transport glycoprotein-mediated.

ʻO nā Astrocytes (kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka kemika a me ka uila ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā meaʻai pono i ka lolo a me ka hoʻokahe ʻana i kā lākou ʻōpala) he mea nui i ka hana ʻana i kēia pale.

Mālama ka pale koko-lolo i ka lolo e kūʻē i nā toxins a me nā ʻelele e kaa ana i ke koko.

Eia kekahi, ʻelua ʻaoʻao kēia kuleana, no ka mea ke pale aku nei i ke komo ʻana o nā molekole no nā kumu therapeutic.

Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi ke hele i kēia pale ma o ke koko a i ʻole ma ka lawe ʻana i ka "retrograde axonal". ʻO nā pilikia o ka pale koko-lolo ke kumu o nā maʻi like ʻole.

Nā maʻi Neurodegenerative

Ma muli o kāna hana koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka homeostasis cerebral, hiki i ka pale koko-lolo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi neurological e like me nā maʻi neurodegenerative a me nā ʻeha lolo e like me ka maʻi Alzheimer (AD) akā he mea kakaikahi loa. .

mimikō mellitus

ʻO nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka mālama ʻana i ka pale koko-lolo.

Nā pathology ʻē aʻe

ʻO nā pathologies ʻē aʻe, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e hoʻopilikia i ka hana o ka endothelium mai loko mai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hōʻino ʻia ka pale koko-lolo holoʻokoʻa e nā hana mai ka matrix extracellular.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā maʻi lolo ma muli o ka hiki ʻana i kekahi mau pathogens ke hele i ka pale koko-lolo e alakaʻi ai i nā maʻi lolo he mau maʻi pōʻino i hui pū ʻia me ka make nui a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ola o nā sequelae neurological koʻikoʻi. ʻO kēia mau mea, no ka laʻana, nā ʻano microorganism pathogenic, bacteria, fungi, HI virus, human T-lymphotropic virus 1, West Nile virus a me bacteria, e like me Neisseria meningitidis a i ʻole Vibrio cholerae.

I loko o nā maʻi sclerosis he nui, ʻo nā "pathogens" nā pūnaewele o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino e ʻaʻa i ka pale koko-lolo.

Hiki i nā pūnaewele metastatic ke hele i ka pale koko-lolo i kekahi mau maʻi lolo ʻole a hiki ke hana i ka metastases i ka lolo (glioblastoma).

ʻO ka lawelawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka lolo ma o ka hele ʻana i ka pale koko-lolo he huakaʻi maoli ia no ka mea ke pale pū nei i ke komo ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā molekala nui, i kahi e pono ai ke mālama ʻia.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me Temozolomide, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hakakā ʻana i ka glioblastoma loaʻa nā mea kemika a me ke kino e hiki ai ke hele i ka pale a hiki i ka ʻōpū.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea hiki ke ʻimi ʻia i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻopau i kēia pilikia ʻo ia ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻenehana hiki ke komo i loko o ka pale koko-lolo.

He pale nui ka pale koko-lolo i ka mālama ʻana, akā ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi.

ʻO ka huahana hoʻohālikelike mua i kūkulu ʻia no MRI ʻo gadolinium (Gd) a laila Gd-DTPA77, i hiki ai ke loaʻa i nā MRI kiʻekiʻe loa no ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻeha kūloko o ka pale koko-lolo. ʻAʻole paʻa loa ka molekala Gd-DTPA e hele i kahi pale koko-lolo olakino.

Nā mīkini kiʻi ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka "hoʻokahi-photon emission tomography" a i ʻole "positron emission tomography".

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hemahema o ka pale lolo koko ma o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o nā media hoʻohālikelike kūpono me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka tomography computed.