ʻO ka lima (e hele mai ana mai ka lima) kahi hui i waena o ka lima a me ka forearm.

Hana ʻia ka pūlima o ka wēlau o lalo o ka radius a me ka ulna (a i ʻole ka ulna), a me ka carpus, i hana ʻia i ʻelua lālani o nā iwi liʻiliʻi ʻehā. Hoʻopili ʻia e nā ligament, hana nā iwi carpal i kahi "tunnel" i kapa ʻia ʻo ke alaloa carpal kahi e hele ai nā aʻa waena a me nā flexor tendons o nā manamana lima. Hoʻopili ke aʻalolo waena i ka noʻonoʻo o nā manamana a me nā neʻe o nā manamana a me ka lima.

ʻAe ka lima i ka neʻe o ka lima i nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa:

• ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao (kāʻili - hoʻohui),
• i luna (hoʻolōʻihi),
• iho (flexion).

fractures. Mālama maʻalahi nā iwi o ka lima i ka hopena a me nā haki. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nā haʻihaʻi extra articular mai nā haʻihaʻi pili e pili ana i ka ami a koi i ka loiloi piha o nā leona.

• Uha Scaphoid. ʻO ka iwi Carpal, hiki i ka scaphoid ke haki i ka hanana o ka hāʻule ʻana ma ka pulima lima a lima paha (5,6).
• Uha haʻi lima. ʻO ka pinepine, koi kēia haki i kahi immobilization wikiwiki o ka pulima e pale i ka neʻe.

Nā pathology iwi.

• Maʻi Kienbock. ʻO kēia maʻi he necrosis o kekahi o nā iwi carpal ke keʻakeʻa ʻia ka lako pono o ke koko (7).
• Osteoporosis. Loaʻa kēia pathology i ka nalo ʻana o ka momona o ka iwi, maʻamau i ka poʻe ma mua o 60. Hoʻonui ia i ka palupalu iwi a me ka makaʻu o nā haki (8).

Nā maʻi musculoskeletal (MSDs). ʻO ka pūlima kekahi o nā lālā o luna e pili ana i nā maʻi musculoskeletal, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he maʻi ʻoihana a kū mai ka nui, repetitive a i ʻole ka hoʻokaumaha pinepine ʻana i ka lālā.

• ʻO Tendonitis o ka pulima (de Quervain). Kūlike ia i ka hoʻā o nā kukuna i ka pulima (9).
• Carpal tunnel Syndrome: pili kēia maʻi i nā maʻi e pili ana i ka kaomi ʻana o ke aʻalolo waena ma ka pae o ke alawai carpal, i hana ʻia me nā iwi carpal. Hōʻike ia e like me ke kani ʻana i nā manamana lima a me ka nalo ʻana o ka ikaika o nā mākala (10).

Arthritis. Kūlike ia i nā ʻano i hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻeha ma nā hono, nā liga, nā aʻa a me nā iwi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka ʻaukā a me ka waimaka o ka cartilage e pale ana i nā iwi o nā hono, ʻo ka osteoarthritis ka ʻano maʻamau o ka arthritis. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā hono o nā lima a me nā pūlima lima e ka mumū i ka hihia o ka rheumatoid arthritis (11). Hiki i kēia mau kūlana ke alakaʻi i ka deformity o nā manamana lima.

Kāohi i ka haʻalulu a me ka ʻeha ma ka lima. E kaupalena i nā haʻihaʻi a me nā maʻi musculoskeletal, pale ʻia e ka pale ʻana a i ʻole ke aʻo ʻana i nā neʻe kūpono kūpono.

Hoʻomaʻo Orthopedic. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka haki, e hoʻokō ʻia ana ka plaster a i ʻole kahi kēpau e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ai ka pulima oʻu.

Nā hōʻailona lapaʻau. Aia i ka maʻi, kauoha ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole e hoʻoponopono a hoʻoikaika paha i ka iwi o ka iwi.

ʻO keʻano maʻamau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka haki, hana ʻia paha ke kaha me ke kau ʻana o nā pine a i ʻole nā ​​papa hoʻohewa. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi o Kienböck e koi ai i ka lāʻau ʻoki lāʻau.

ʻImi hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kahi x-ray. I kekahi mau hihia, e hoʻohana nā kauka i kahi MRI, CT scan, a i ʻole arthroscopy e nānā a ʻike i nā leona.

I kekahi mau ʻano hoʻopaʻapaʻa e like me ka hulahula a haʻuki paha, ʻimi nā mea pāʻani e hoʻomohala i ka hypermobility o nā hono, i hiki ke loaʻa ma o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kikoʻī. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia hypermobility ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻole ʻia a lohi ʻia hoʻi, ʻo ka ligla hyperlaxity e paʻa ʻole ai nā hono, e nāwaliwali loa ai (5).