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Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hana hana ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano pia ma nā papa hale kūʻai. Hiki ke paʻakikī ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano pilsners, IPAs, stouts a me nā porters. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻelua wale nō ʻano o ka inu ʻawaʻawa - ale a me ka lager. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka hope e like me ka pia māmā maʻamau. A laila, e ʻike kākou i nā ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o kēia mau ʻano pia ʻelua e pili ana i ka ʻenehana hana, ka ʻono a me ka moʻomeheu inu.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻale a me ka lager
ʻO ka mea hoʻoholo i ka brewing he hū. ʻO lākou ke kuleana no ke kaʻina hana fermentation i ka wā fermentation a hoʻololi i ke kō i carbon dioxide a me ka waiʻona. ʻOi aku ka hū Ale i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe - a hiki i 18 a 24 °C. Ke hana ikaika nei nā kuʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka pahu, kahi i loaʻa ai ka wort. No laila, kapa ʻia ka ʻale i ka pia top-fermented.
A hiki i ka waena o ke kenekulia XNUMX, ʻo ka pia āpau, me ka ʻole o ka ʻokoʻa, pili i ka ʻāpana ales. Ua ulu aʻe kēia ʻano hana i nā kaukani mau makahiki, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoppy brews top-fermented e ʻae maikaʻi i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. I ka wā kahiko ʻo ʻEulopa, ʻo ka pia mānoanoa a me ka pia he mea nui me ka berena. ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi o ka waiʻona i pepehi i nā germs, no laila ua pani ka ale i ka wai ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa.
ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka hū Lager ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa a me nā ferment ma lalo o ka pahu. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā pia i hoʻomoʻa ʻia ma lalo e nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa Kelemania i ʻike i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke kaʻina hana fermentation ma nā pahu ale ke mālama ʻia i loko o nā ana anuanu. ʻO ka hopena, he pia māmā, ikaika, ʻono ʻono i kaulana i nā hale ʻaina kahiko. I ka makahiki 1516, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ke kānāwai Bavarian "Ma ka maʻemaʻe o ka brewing", ka mea i pāpā i ka hana ʻana o ka pia i lalo i nā mahina kauwela.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale mua ʻia ka hū Lager ma kona ʻano maʻemaʻe i ka makahiki 1883. No ka mea he liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻohui haole, ua mālama ʻia ka pia fermented lalo no ka manawa lōʻihi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana. No laila, ua hoʻomaka mālie ka lager e pani i ka ʻale, i ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ola. ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o nā pahu hau i hiki ke hana i ka lager me ka nānā ʻole i ka manawa o ka makahiki.
ʻOkoʻa ka ʻono ma waena o ka ale a me ka lager
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o ka ale a me ka lager e pili nui ana i ka bouquet ʻono. I ka hū ʻana o ka ale i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, hoʻokuʻu lākou i nā esters a me nā pūhui phenolic e hāʻawi i nā leo huaʻai a me nā leo ʻala. Hāʻawi nā ʻano ʻano Belgian i nā mea inu i nā ʻano ʻono like ʻole. Hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻano hops like ʻole me nā ʻano hū like ʻole a brew beer me nā manaʻo o ka mango, pineapple, vanilla, banana a me ka citrus.
Hāʻawi ka hū Lager i ka pia i kahi ʻono maʻemaʻe a hou, i hoʻomalu ʻia e ka ʻawaʻawa hop a me nā kani bale. I ka manaʻo o ka nui o ka poʻe, ʻo ka pia maoli kahi lager māmā a me ke poʻo o ka huʻa. Eia naʻe, he hoʻopunipuni wale nō kēia. ʻAʻole pili ke ʻano hū i ke kala o ka mea inu. Hiki ke māmā a ʻeleʻele paha nā pia i hoʻomoʻa ʻia ma luna a me lalo, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ʻala a i ʻole ka malting o ka bale.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pia ma ka mākeke i helu ʻia he lagers, e hoʻokō piha ana i nā manaʻolana o nā mea kūʻai. He mea maʻamau ka Ale ma waena o nā mea hana ʻoihana no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e koi i nā lako makamae a he ʻehiku mau lā o ka wā oʻo. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pia i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a kūʻai koke ʻia, i ʻole e noho i nā pahu no ka manawa lōʻihi.
I ka makahiki 1970, ʻo ka makemake o nā mea hana e ʻoluʻolu i nā mea kūʻai aku i alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua nalowale nā lagers i ko lākou ʻano a ua pau ka ʻokoʻa mai kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka hoihoi i nā ʻoihana pia e hoʻāʻo i nā ʻano a hoʻihoʻi i nā mea haʻahaʻa ester i nā lagers.
I kēia manawa, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano hybrid e hoʻohana ana i hoʻokahi ʻano hū i ka hana ʻana, akā hana ʻia ka fermentation ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa. Hiki i ka ʻenehana ke kiʻi i ka pia maʻemaʻe a me ka ʻono ʻano.
Moʻomeheu hoʻohana
Hoʻopau maikaʻi ka lager maʻamau i ka make wai, a hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā ʻano nāwaliwali me ka ʻole o nā mea ʻai a i ʻole me nā ʻai. Hele maikaʻi nā ʻano māmā me ka pizza, nā ʻīlio wela, a me ka meaʻai Fish & Chips kaulana i UK - nā iʻa palai a me nā fries french. He kūpono ka Czech pilsner no ka sausages palai, ka iʻa iʻa, ka ʻiʻo i kālua ʻia. Hana ʻia nā ʻano lager ʻeleʻele i kahi hui gastronomic me nā paʻakai oʻo a me nā ʻiʻo puhi.
He maikaʻi nā ʻano ʻale like ʻole me kekahi mau ʻano meaʻai. Paipai ʻia nā hui ʻana:
- IPA (Indian pale ale) - nā iʻa momona, burgers, nā kīʻaha Thai;
- ʻAleʻeleʻele - ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula, nā cheeses spicy, lasagna, stewed mushrooms;
- ka mea lawe puka a me ka ʻiʻo - ʻiʻo a me nā sausages, ʻoysters, nā mea ʻai kokoleka ʻeleʻele;
- saison - moa i moʻa ʻia me ke kālika, sopa iʻa kai, cheese kao;
- meli a me nā ʻala ʻala - pāʻani, sausages.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano pia kāna lawelawe ponoʻī. Ua inu pinepine ʻia nā Lagers mai nā aniani kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole mai nā kīʻaha pia me ka nui o 0,56 lita. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano ʻeleʻele i nā aniani ʻano tulip nui. Ua kapa ʻia nā makaaniani ale kuʻuna i nā pints a he cylindrical ke ʻano me ka ʻulaʻula o luna a me ka lalo mānoanoa. Hiki ke ninini ʻia nā stouts ikaika, nā porters a me nā ale ʻeleʻele i loko o nā aniani tulip a me nā kīʻaha maʻamau.