Ma ka ʻōlelo biologically, ʻo ka hāpai ʻana ka manawa e ola kino ai ka wahine. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, no ka hapa nui, i loko o kā mākou hui hou, ʻo nā wahine hāpai i nā wahine maʻi. He nui ka momona, pehu, constipated, ʻoluʻolu ʻole a lethargic.
Lawe ka nui o lākou i ka lāʻau no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hā o ka hāpai ʻana i makemake ʻia e pau i ka hāʻule ʻole ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i ka embryo. ʻO ka manawa pinepine i ke kumu o kēia pilikia a pau, ʻo nā kauka, nā meaʻai meaʻai, nā makuahine a me nā makuahōnōwai wahine e haʻi ana i ka makuahine he pono ʻo ia e inu i ʻehā mau kīʻaha waiū i ka lā e lawa ai ka calcium a ʻai nui i ka ʻiʻo i kēlā me kēia lā. ka lā e loaʻa ai ka protein.
ʻO ka hapa nui o mākou makemake e hoʻokolohua me kā mākou meaʻai ponoʻī, akā i ka wā e pili ana i kā mākou mau keiki hānau ʻole, lilo mākou i ultra-conservative. ʻIke wau ua hiki mai iā mākou. Ua hana māua ʻo Mary i nā hoʻololi hope loa i kā mākou ʻai meaʻai meaʻai ma hope koke iho o ka hānau ʻana o kā māua keiki ʻelua i ka makahiki 1975.
ʻElima makahiki ma hope mai, ua hāpai ʻo Mary i kā mākou kolu. I ka ʻōpo ʻana o ka maka, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kūʻai i ka tiiki, ka iʻa a me nā hua manu, e hoʻi ana i ka loina kahiko he maikaʻi kēia mau meaʻai no ka protein kiʻekiʻe a me ka calcium a hele lōʻihi i kahi hāpai olakino. Ua kanalua wau, akā ua hilinaʻi i kāna mea i ʻike maikaʻi loa. Ua hāʻule ʻo ia i ke kolu o ka malama. ʻO kēia hanana pōʻino i koi iā ia e noʻonoʻo hou i kāna mau hoʻoholo.
ʻElua makahiki ma hope mai, ua hāpai hou ʻo ia. Ua kali au i ka hoʻi ʻana mai o ka cheese, a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana o ka iʻa i loko o ko mākou hale, akā ʻaʻole i hiki. ʻO kona ʻike i ka nalo ʻana o kahi keiki mua i hoʻōla iā ia i kāna maʻamau o ka hoʻokele ʻia e ka makaʻu. I loko o nā mahina ʻeiwa o ka hāpai ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻai i ka ʻiʻo, nā hua manu, nā iʻa a me nā huahana waiu.
E ʻoluʻolu: ʻAʻole wau e ʻōlelo nei ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻohālua ʻia ai ʻo ia i ka wā o kona hāpai ʻana ma mua, akā ʻo ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kēia mau meaʻai i ka manawa hope ʻaʻole ia he hōʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hāpai ʻana.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Mary he mau hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi ʻo ia no kēia hāpai hope ʻana, ua ikaika ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia lā a pili mau nā apo i kona mau manamana lima, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻike iki i ka pehu. I ka manawa i hānau ai ʻo Craig, ua loaʻa iā ia he 9 kg wale nō, a ma hope o ka hānau ʻana he 2,2 kg wale nō kona kaumaha ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana. I hoʻokahi pule ma hope mai, ua nalowale ʻo ia i kēlā 2,2 kg a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā makahiki ʻekolu e hiki mai ana. Manaʻo ʻo ia ʻo ia kekahi o nā manawa hauʻoli a maikaʻi loa o kona ola.
Hāʻawi nā moʻomeheu like ʻole i kahi ākea o nā ʻōlelo aʻo meaʻai no nā wahine hāpai. I kekahi manawa ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā meaʻai kūikawā, i kekahi manawa e kāpae ʻia nā meaʻai mai ka meaʻai.
Ma Kina kahiko, ua hōʻole nā wāhine i kaʻaiʻana i nā meaʻai i manaʻoʻia e pili ana i keʻano o nā keiki hānauʻole. ʻO ka ʻiʻo honu, no ka laʻana, ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻāʻī pōkole ke pēpē, a ʻo ka ʻiʻo kao i manaʻo ʻia e hāʻawi i ka pēpē i ka huhū paʻakikī.
I ka makahiki 1889, ua kuhikuhi ʻo Kauka Prochownik ma New England i nā meaʻai kūikawā no kāna mau maʻi hāpai. Ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻike ʻana i ka lā, ua hoʻomohala nā wahine i hana i nā hale hana i nā rickets, kahi i hiki ai i nā deformities o nā iwi pelvic a paʻakikī i ka hānau ʻana. E manaʻoʻiʻo a ʻaʻole paha, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kāna meaʻai e hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o ka fetal i nā mahina hope o ka hāpai ʻana! No ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau hopena, ʻai nā wahine i ka meaʻai kiʻekiʻe-protein, akā haʻahaʻa i ka wai a me nā calorie.
He kanakolu makahiki i hala aku nei, ua haʻi aku ka Hui Hui o nā loea o ka Hui Meaʻai a me ka Mahiʻai o ka World Health Organization he mea nui ka meaʻai i ka wā hāpai. I kēia mau lā, ʻaʻole ʻae ka poʻe akamai i ke koʻikoʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka carbohydrate, protein, a me nā micronutrients i ka ʻai a ka wahine hāpai.
ʻO ka preeclampsia kahi maʻi i loaʻa i nā wahine hāpai a ʻike ʻia e ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka protein i loko o ka mimi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka poʻe maʻi me ka preeclampsia pinepine ka pehu ma nā wāwae a me nā lima.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1940, i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka preeclampsia, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā wahine hāpai e hōʻemi i kā lākou ʻai paʻakai a i kekahi manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā suppressants appetite a me nā diuretics e kaupalena i ke kaumaha i 6,8-9,06 kg. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo kekahi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao maikaʻi ʻole o kēia ʻai ʻo ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka nui o ka make.
ʻO ka pono e pale i ke kaumaha o ke kino he ʻāpana o ke aʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a hiki i ka makahiki 1960, i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai ʻo kēia kaohi i alakaʻi pinepine ʻia i ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki liʻiliʻi me ka nui o ka make. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kauka mai ia manawa ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia nā wahine hāpai i ka meaʻai a ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole hopohopo e pili ana i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha. ʻO ka makuahine a me ke keiki i kēia manawa ua nui loa, a hoʻonui kēia i ka pilikia o ka make a me ka pono o ka ʻāpana caesarean.
ʻO ke ala hānau o ka wahine, ma ke ʻano he lula, hiki ke maʻalahi i kahi keiki e kaupaona ana mai 2,2 a 3,6 kg, ʻo ia ke kaumaha o ka pēpē i ka manawa hānau inā ʻai ka makuahine i nā mea kanu olakino. Akā inā ʻai nui ka makuahine, hiki i ka pēpē i loko o kona ʻōpū ke kaumaha o 4,5 a 5,4 kg - ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui i hiki ke hele i loko o ka pelvis o ka makuahine. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki nui, a ʻo ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino a me ka make. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pilikia o ka pōʻino i ke olakino o ka makuahine a me ka pono o ka ʻāpana caesarean e piʻi aʻe ma kahi o 50%. No laila, inā liʻiliʻi ka ʻai a ka makuahine, a laila liʻiliʻi ke keiki, a inā nui ka ʻai, ua nui ke keiki.
ʻAʻole pono ʻoe i nā calorie hou aʻe no ka lawe ʻana i kahi pēpē. ʻO 250 a 300 calories wale nō i kēlā me kēia lā i ka lua a me ke kolu trimesters. Manaʻo nā wahine hāpai i ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻai, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā trimesters ʻelua hope o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO ka hopena, ʻai nui lākou i ka meaʻai, loaʻa ka nui o nā calorie a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā meaʻai pono a pau. Kuhi ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka caloric mai 2200 kcal a i 2500 kcal i kēlā me kēia lā.
Eia naʻe, ma nā wahi he nui o ka honua, ʻaʻole hoʻonui nā wahine i kā lākou ʻai. Akā, loaʻa iā lākou ka hana kino hou. ʻO nā wāhine hāpai paʻakikī mai ka Philippines a me ke kua'āinaʻo'Afelika e loaʻa pinepine i nā calorie liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka hānauʻana. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua waiwai kā lākou meaʻai i nā meaʻai, nā mea kanu meaʻai maʻalahi e hāʻawi i nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e lawe i kahi pēpē olakino.
ʻO ka protein, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he meaʻai koʻikoʻi, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o mākou i manaʻo iā ia he mea hoʻoholo hoʻokalakupua o ke olakino a me ka holomua o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO kahi noiʻi o nā wahine Guatemalan hāpai i ʻai pinepine ʻole i ʻike ʻia ua hoʻoholo ʻia ke kaumaha o ka hānau ʻana e ka nui o nā calorie i ʻai ʻia e ka makuahine, ma mua o ka hele ʻana a i ʻole ka nele o nā mea hoʻohui protein i kāna ʻai.
ʻO nā wahine i loaʻa i ka protein supplemental i hōʻike i nā hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO nā mea hoʻohui protein i lawe ʻia e nā wahine hāpai i ka makahiki 70 i alakaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha o nā pēpē, ka piʻi ʻana o ka hānau mua ʻana a me ka piʻi ʻana o nā make neonatal. ʻOiai nā ʻōlelo e hiki ke pale ʻia ka hypertension pili i ka hāpai ʻana e ka meaʻai protein kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻohe mea hōʻike e pono ai ka lawe ʻana i ka protein kiʻekiʻe i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana - i kekahi mau hihia, he mea pōʻino maoli paha ia.
I loko o nā mahina ʻeono hope loa o ka hāpai ʻana, he 5-6 grams wale nō i ka lā e pono ai ka makuahine a me ka pēpē. Manaʻo ka World Health Organization i ka 6% o nā calorie mai ka protein no nā wahine hāpai a me 7% no nā makuahine hānai. Hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi kēia mau pūmua mai nā kumu mea kanu: raiki, kulina, ʻuala, pī, broccoli, zucchini, ʻalani a me nā strawberries.
John McDougall, MD