ʻAilā aila - ka wehewehe aila. Nā pono olakino a me nā hōʻino

Description

ʻO kaʻaila pama, a puni kahi e nui ai nā lono a me nā manaʻo hakakā, hana ʻia mai nā hua momona o nā lāʻau aila. Kāhea ʻia ka huahana crude ʻulaʻula ma muli o ka hue terracotta.

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka aila niu ka lāʻau Elaeis guineensis, e ulu nei ma West a me South Africa Hema. Ua ʻai ka poʻe kamaʻāina i nā hua ma mua o ka hana ʻia o ka aila mai iā lākou ma kahi pae honua. ʻO kahi aila ʻaila like, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Elaeis oleifera, i loaʻa ma ʻAmelika Hema, akā ʻaʻole ulu iki ka pāʻoihana.

Eia nō naʻe, hoʻohana ʻia kahi hybrid o nā mea kanu ʻelua i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻaila niu. Ma mua o 80% o kēia huahana i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma Malaysia a me Indonesia, ka mea nui no nā mea lawe mai a puni ka honua.

haku mele

ʻO ka ʻaila niu he 100% momona. I ka manawa like, loaʻa iā 50% o nā waikawa momona, 40% o nā monounsaturated acid, a me 10% o nā polyunsaturated acid.
Aia i loko o hoʻokahi puna o ka ʻaila niu:

• 114 kalepona;
• 14 g momona;
• 5 g momona momona;
• 1.5 g momona momona;
• 11% o ka waiwai o kēlā me kēia lā no ka wikamina E.

ʻO nā momona nui o ka aila pāma he waikawa palmitic, i mea hoʻohui iā ia, aia pū kekahi me nā oleic, linoleic a me stearic acid ʻO ka pigment ʻulaʻula-melemele mai nā carotenoids, nā antioxidants e like me beta-carotene.

Hoʻohuli ke kino iā ia i ka wikamina A.
E like me ka aila niu, paakiki ka aila pama ma ka lumi wela, aka hehee ma 24 degere, a o ka mua ma 35 degere. Hōʻike kēia i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā ʻakika momona ma nā ʻano mea kanu ʻelua.

He aha nā meaʻai e hoʻohana ai i ka aila pāma

Kaulana ka aila pāma me nā mea ulu ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa. ʻO ia ka hapakolu o ka hana momona momona o ka honua. ʻO kona zesty a me ka ʻono honua, e like me ka paukena a i ʻole nā ​​kāloti, hui maikaʻi ʻia me ka waiūpī a me ka kokoleka.

Ma waho aʻe o nā pahu lole a me nā pahu lole, hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻaila pāma i ka ʻaila, margarine, berena, nā kuki, nā muffins, nā meaʻai hiki a me nā meaʻai pēpē. Loaʻa ka momona i loko o kekahi mau meaʻai ʻole e like me ka toothpaste, nā kopa, nā lotions kino, a me ka lauoho lauoho.

Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka wahie biodiesel, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he kumu no ka ikehu [4]. Kūʻai ʻia ka ʻaila palama e nā mea hana nui o ka meaʻai (e like me ka hōʻike a WWF's 2020):

• Unilever (1.04 miliona tonnes);
• PepsiCo (0.5 miliona tonnes);
• Nestle (0.43 miliona mau tona);
• Colgate-Palmolive (0.138 miliona mau tona);
• McDonald's (0.09 miliona mau tona).

Ka pōʻino o ka ʻaila niu

I nā makahiki 80, ua hoʻomaka ka huahana e pani ʻia me nā trans trans, e makaʻu ana i kahi pilikia i ka puʻuwai. Hōʻike nā noiʻi he nui i nā hopena kūlike ʻole i nā hopena o ka ʻaila o ka niu i ke kino.

Ua alakaʻi nā ʻepekema i nā hoʻokolohua me nā wahine i ʻike ʻia me nā kiʻekiʻe kolesterol. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka aila pāma, ua kiʻekiʻe aʻe kēia kiʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, pili ia me nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular.

ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, hiki i nā momona momona ʻē aʻe ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka kolesterol, ʻoiai ke hoʻohui ʻia me ka aila palama.

I ka 2019, hoʻolaha ka poʻe loea o WHO i kahi hōʻike e hōʻike ana i nā ʻatikala e pili ana i nā pono o ka ʻaila. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka hoʻokolokolo pono ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia he ʻehā o nā ʻatikala ʻeiwa i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o ka hōʻike i kākau ʻia e nā limahana o ke Kuhina mahiʻai o Malaysia, na lākou ke kuleana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi o nā noiʻi he nui ka weliweli o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻana i ka ʻaila palaka paʻakikī. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia huahana i ke hoʻokumu ʻana i nā waihona i loko o nā aʻa ma muli o ka hoʻemi ʻana o nā waiwai antioxidant o ka momona mea kanu. I ka manawa like, ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka aila hou i ka meaʻai ʻaʻole i alakaʻi ʻia i nā hopena.

ʻO nā keu pono o ka aila niu

Hāʻawi ka huahana i nā pono olakino. Hoʻomaikaʻi ka ʻaila Palm i ka hana ʻike a maikaʻi ka hopena ma ka lolo. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e pale aku i ka lawa ʻole o ka wikamina A a he kumu maikaʻi loa ia o nā tocotrienols, nā ʻano o ka huaora E me nā ʻano antioxidant ikaika.

Hōʻike ka noiʻi i kēia mau mea kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā momona polyunsaturated o ke kino mai ka haki ʻana, hoʻolohi i ka neʻe ʻana o ka dementia, hoʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka hahau ʻana, a pale i ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻeha o ka lolo.

I ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua, ua hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​ʻepekema i 120 mau kānaka i ʻelua mau hui, hāʻawi ʻia kahi o kahi placebo, a ʻo kekahi - tocotrienols mai ka aila pāma. ʻO ka hopena, ua hōʻike ka mea mua i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā leona lolo, ʻoiai kūpaʻa mau nā ʻōuli o ka hope.

Ua ʻike ʻia kahi ana nui o nā noiʻi he 50 a ua emi nā pae kolamu LDL i ka poʻe i ʻai i ka papaʻai i hoʻohui ʻia me ka aila pāma.

6 mau kaʻao e pili ana i ka ʻaila niu

1. He kinikona ikaika ia, a hōʻole lōʻihi nā ʻāina kūkulu e lawe mai iā ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka meaʻai

ʻAʻole pololei kēia a nui ka populism. Hoʻolei lākou i kekahi mau hakina, akā ʻaʻole ka ʻaila niu iho. ʻO kēia ka momona o nā mea kanu, aia ma ke kapuwai like like me ka pua pua pua, nā aʻa rapese a iʻa paha. Loaʻa iā lākou āpau ka maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi ʻole. Akā he aila kūmole kū hoʻokahi.

ʻO ka mea mua, ʻohi ʻia ia 3 manawa i ka makahiki. Ulu ka lāʻau ponoʻī no 25 mau makahiki. I ka makahiki 5 ma hope o ka hemo ʻana, hoʻomaka ia e hua. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, emi ka hua a kū i ka makahiki 17-20, ma hope o 25 mau makahiki e loli ka lāʻau. No laila, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka lāʻau pāma he mau manawa ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ko nā mea ʻailakū ʻē aʻe.

E like me nā carcinogens, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lāʻau make ma mua o ka aila sunflower. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke palai i ka aila sunflower he 2 wale nō manawa, a i ʻole, me ka hoʻohana hou ʻana, lilo ia i carcinogen. Hiki ke palai ʻia ʻo Palm i 8 mau manawa.

Pili ka makaʻu i ka makaʻala o ka mea hana a pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka aila. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia i kona mau pono e mālama i ka maikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻono o ka aila "kahiko" e hōʻino i ka ʻono o ka huahana. Wehe ke kāne i ka ʻeke, hoʻāʻo a ʻaʻole e kūʻai hou.

2. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻāina waiwai i ka aila palu "hoʻokahi", a me nā ʻāina ʻilihune me "kahi"

ʻAʻole, ʻo ka nīnau āpau e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka maikaʻi. A ʻo kēia ka hoʻomalu e hiki mai ana, kaukaʻi ʻia i kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina. Loaʻa iā our country ka aila palama maʻamau, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. I ka hana ʻana o ka honua, 50% o ka momona o ka ʻai i hiki i ka ʻaila, ka aila sunflower - 7% o nā momona. ʻLelo lākou ʻaʻole pau ka "pāma" ma ʻEulopa, akā hōʻike nā mea hōʻike i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻai ma EU ma nā makahiki he 5 i hala.

Eia hou, i ka nīnau no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. E hoʻohālikelike mākou me ka aila sunflower. Ke hoʻopuka ʻia, ʻo kaʻaila ka aila, fusse, keke a me ka husk. Inā ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi kanaka i ka fooz, a laila, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia e ʻoluʻolu loa. Pēlā nō me ka ʻaila niu. Ma ka laulā, ʻo ka huaʻōlelo "ʻaila niu" ʻo ia hoʻi ka paʻakikī āpau: aia kahi aila no ka ʻai kanaka, aia nā ʻāpana mai ka aila palm no nā noi loea Hana mākou ma Delta Wilmar CIS me ka momona momona.

Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kā mākou ʻoihana, a laila hoʻokuʻu mākou i kahi huahana i hōʻoia ʻia no nā hōʻailona palekana āpau, ua hōʻoia pū ʻia kā mākou hana. Hoʻopili mākou i kā mākou huahana ma nā hale hana ʻEulopa. ʻO ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana o ka ʻoihana mai nā mea hana ʻEulopa (Belgium, Kelemānia, Switzerland). ʻOkoma nā mea a pau. Ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea hana, loaʻa mākou i ka ʻae a me ka hōʻoia makahiki, e like me nā hui ʻEulopa.

3. Ke haʻalele nei ka honua i ka "lāʻau pāma" a ke hoʻololi nei i ka aila sunflower

ʻO ka ʻaila Sunflower kahi momona trans. ʻO nā momona trans ke koko maikaʻi ʻole, nā hahau, nā puʻuwai puʻuwai, a me nā mea āpau āpau. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka palai ʻana, a ma nā hihia ʻē aʻe a pau ua hoʻololi ʻia me ka pāma.

4. ʻAʻole kuhi ʻia ka ʻaila palama ma nā meaʻai

Hiki iaʻu ke ʻōlelo me ka hilinaʻi e hōʻike ana nā mea hana confectionery āpau ma our country i kā lākou huahana me ka ʻaila pāma. Inā makemakeʻia, e haʻi mau ka mea hana iāʻoe e pili ana i nā momona i hoʻokomoʻia i loko o ka meaʻai. He ʻike hāmama loa kēia. Inā ʻaʻole hōʻike ka mea hana i nā huahana waiū, a laila he moʻolelo ʻē aʻe kēia.

He hewa kēia a me ke kuleana o ka mea hana i hana i ia mau huahana. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hui pū i kahi huahana maikaʻi ʻole, loaʻa kālā wale nō ʻo ia, no ka mea, ʻo ka ʻaila, ke ʻōlelo nei, ke kumu kūʻai ʻo UAH 40, a ʻo ka aila mai nā momona momona o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole e kūʻai aku i ka UAH 20. Akā ke kūʻai aku nei ka mea hana ma 40. No laila, ʻo kēia ka waiwai a hoopunipuni o ka poe kuai.

ʻAʻohe mea hoʻopunipuni i ka "lāʻau pama", no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Aia ka hoʻopunipuni ʻana i nā huahana waiū inā ʻaʻole hōʻike ka mea hana i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā momona mea kanu (palm a sunflower). ʻO kēia wale nō ke ala e alakaʻi hewa ai ka mea kūʻai.

5. ʻO ka pāpā ʻana i ka "lāʻau pāma" ʻaʻole e hoʻopili i ka hoʻokele waiwai i kēlā me kēia ʻano, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi wale nō ia i nā loaʻa nui o nā mea hana

E pani koke ʻia nā hale hana lole āpau, kahi i loko o ʻelua mau mahina e pono ai e hoʻololi i ka rapeseed, soybeans, a me ka sunflower hydrogenated. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e lilo ana kā lākou mea hoʻolilo, kahi e koi ʻole ai i ka huahana i nā momona trans. Ke hana ʻia me ka aila sunflower hydrogenated, e loaʻa nā momona trans i ka formulate. No laila e nalowale loa ka hoʻolilo.

6. He haʻahaʻa ia ma ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā aila ʻē aʻe

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻaila pama i nā mea ʻono a me nā huahana waiu. I kēia lā, nui nā kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka pono a i ʻole ka pōʻino, akā ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ma ka pae kānāwai, aia ka ʻae ʻia o nā kūlana no ka ʻike o nā trans fatty acids i ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia.

Hana ʻia nā isomers waikawa momona ma nā momona mea kanu i ka manawa o ka hydrogenation, kahi hana e paʻakikī ai ka wai momona i paʻa.

Pono ka momona paʻa e hana i ka margarine, ka momona no ka hoʻopiha waffle, nā kuki, a pēlā aku. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka momona paʻa mai ka pua pua pua, rapeseed, aila soybean, hana ka ʻoihana momona a me ka aila i ka hydrogenation kaʻina a loaʻa ka momona me kahi paʻakikī.

ʻO kēia kahi momona kahi i koe ma kahi o 35% trans isomers. ʻAʻohe i loko o nā momona kūlohelohe ma hope o ka unuhi nā trans isomers (ʻaʻole hoʻi ka ʻaila pāma, a me ka aila pua puaʻa. Akā i ka manawa like, ua like ke kūlike o ka ʻaila niu i hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana ia mea he momona no ka hoʻopihapiha, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ia, ʻaʻole koi ʻia kahi hana hou. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻohe i nā ʻaila palama nā trans isomers. No laila, eia ke lanakila ʻana ma luna o nā momona mea kanu ʻē aʻe i kamaʻāina iā mākou.