ʻO Sebastian Hafner he mea kākau moʻolelo Kelemānia a me ka mea kākau moʻolelo nāna i kākau i ka puke The Story of a German in exile in 1939 (i paʻi ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Lūkini e Ivan Limbach Publishing House). Hāʻawi mākou iā ʻoe i kahi ʻāpana mai kahi hana kahi e kamaʻilio ai ka mea kākau e pili ana i ka ʻōpio, ke aloha a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka wā o ka pilikia hoʻokele waiwai.
I kēlā makahiki, ua loaʻa hou i ka poʻe heluhelu nūpepa ka manawa e komo ai i kahi pāʻani helu hoihoi, e like me ka mea a lākou i pāʻani ai i ka wā o ke kaua me ka ʻikepili no ka nui o nā pio o ke kaua a i ʻole nā mea waiwai pio o ke kaua. ʻAʻole pili kēia mau helu me nā hanana koa, ʻoiai ua hoʻomaka ka makahiki me ka hakakā, akā me ka hoihoi ʻole, i kēlā me kēia lā, nā mea kūʻai kālā, ʻo ia hoʻi, me ke kumukūʻai kālā. ʻO ka loli o ke kumukūʻai kālā he barometer, e like me ka hui pū ʻana o ka makaʻu a me ka hauʻoli, ua hahai lākou i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka māka. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he nui aku. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kālā i piʻi aʻe, ʻoi aku ka noʻonoʻo ʻole o mākou i lawe ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o ka noʻonoʻo.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole mea hou ka depreciation o ka brand. E like me ka makahiki 1920, ʻo ka paka mua aʻu i puhi malū ai he 50 pfennigs. Ma ka hopena o ka makahiki 1922, ua piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai ma nā wahi āpau he ʻumi a i ʻole hoʻokahi haneli mau manawa ko lākou kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kaua, a ua kūʻai ʻia ke kālā ma kahi o 500 mau māka. Akā, ua hoʻomau a kaulike ke kaʻina hana, ua piʻi ka uku, nā uku a me nā kumukūʻai ma ke ana like. He mea maʻalahi ka hana ʻana me nā helu nui i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā i ka wā e uku ai, akā ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau. Ua kamaʻilio wale lākou no ka "hoʻonui kumukūʻai hou", ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe. I kēlā mau makahiki, ua hopohopo nui kekahi mea iā mākou.
A laila me he mea lā ua huhū loa ka brand. Ma hope koke iho o ke kaua Ruhr, ua hoʻomaka ke kālā e lilo i 20, paʻa no kekahi manawa ma kēia hōʻailona, piʻi a hiki i 000, kānalua iki a lele i luna me he mea lā ma kahi alapiʻi, e lele ana ma luna o nā ʻumi a me nā haneli haneli. ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike pono i ka mea i hana ʻia. ʻO ka ʻānai ʻana i ko mākou mau maka me ke kāhāhā, nānā mākou i ka piʻi ʻana o ka papa me he mea lā he ʻano mea kūlohelohe i ʻike ʻole ʻia. Ua lilo ke kālā i kumuhana no mākou i kēlā me kēia lā, a laila nānā mākou a ʻike i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kālā i hōʻino i ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO ka poʻe i waiho i loko o kahi waihona mālama kālā, kahi moraki a i ʻole nā mea hoʻopukapuka i nā ʻoihana hōʻaiʻē kaulana i ʻike i ka nalowale ʻana o nā mea a pau i ka maka o ka maka.
Ma hope koke iho, ʻaʻohe mea i koe o nā keneta i loko o nā waihona mālama kālā, a i ʻole nā waiwai nui. Ua hehee na mea a pau. He nui ka poʻe i hoʻoneʻe i kā lākou waihona mai kekahi panakō a i kekahi e pale aku i ka hāʻule. Ma hope koke iho, ua ʻike ʻia he mea i luku ʻia i nā mokuʻāina āpau a alakaʻi i nā manaʻo o nā kānaka i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.
Ua hoʻomaka ke kumukūʻai o nā meaʻai i ka holo ʻana i ka holo ʻana o nā mea kālepa e hoʻāla iā lākou ma nā kuʻekuʻe o ke kālā piʻi. Hookahi paona uala i ke kakahiaka he 50 makeke, ua kuai ia i ke ahiahi no 000; ʻAʻole lawa ka uku o nā māka 100 i lawe ʻia i ka home i ka Pōʻalima no ka ʻeke paka i ka Poalua.
He aha ka mea i hana ʻia a hana ʻia ma hope o kēlā? ʻAʻole koke, ʻike ka poʻe i kahi mokupuni paʻa: stocks. ʻO ia wale nō ke ʻano o ka hoʻopukapuka kālā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke ʻano o ka emi ʻana. ʻAʻole maʻamau a ʻaʻole like nā mea a pau, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻemi ʻia nā kumukūʻai ma ka wikiwiki, akā ma ka hele wāwae.
No laila, holo wikiwiki nā kānaka e kūʻai i nā ʻāpana. Ua lilo nā mea a pau i poʻe kuleana: he luna liʻiliʻi, he luna aupuni, a he limahana. Ua uku ʻia nā ʻāpana no ke kūʻai ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā. I nā lā o ka uku ʻana i nā uku a me nā uku, ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka kaua nui ma nā panakō. Ua piʻi aʻe ke kumukūʻai e like me ka rocket. Ua pehu nā panakō me nā hoʻopukapuka. Ua ulu nā panakō i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma mua e like me nā halo ma hope o ka ua a loaʻa ka waiwai nui. Heluhelu ʻia nā hōʻike o kēlā me kēia lā e nā poʻe a pau, ʻōpio a me nā ʻelemakule. I kēlā me kēia manawa, hāʻule kēia a me kēlā kumukūʻai, a me ka leo o ka ʻeha a me ke kaumaha, ua hāʻule ke ola o nā tausani a me nā tausani. Ma nā hale kūʻai a pau, nā kula, a me nā ʻoihana āpau, hāwanawana lākou i kekahi i kekahi i ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi o nā waihona i kēia lā.
ʻO ka mea ʻino loa, ʻaʻole pono ka poʻe kahiko a me ka poʻe. Nui ka poʻe i hoʻokau ʻia i ka ʻilihune, nui ka poʻe i ka pepehi kanaka. ʻOpio, maʻalahi, ua pōmaikaʻi ke kūlana o kēia manawa. I ka pō ua kūʻokoʻa lākou, waiwai, kūʻokoʻa. Ua kū mai kahi kūlana i hoʻopaʻi ʻia ai ka inertia a me ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka ʻike ola ma mua e ka pōloli a me ka make, ʻoiai ka wikiwiki o ka pane ʻana a me ka hiki ke loiloi pololei i ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kūlana i uku ʻia me ka waiwai nui. Ua alakaʻi nā luna panakō he iwakālua makahiki a me nā haumāna kula kiʻekiʻe, ma muli o ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ko lākou mau hoa ʻōpio. Ua ʻaʻahu lākou i nā kāʻei nani ʻo Oscar Wilde, hoʻopaʻa i nā pāʻina me nā kaikamahine a me ka champagne, a kākoʻo i ko lākou mau makua kāne i hōʻino ʻia.
I loko o ka ʻeha, ka manaʻo ʻole, ka ʻilihune, ka maʻi kuni, ka ʻōpio feverish, ke kuko a me ka ʻuhane o ka carnival i pua. Ua loaʻa i ka poʻe ʻōpio ke kālā, ʻaʻole ka poʻe kahiko. Ua loli ke ʻano o ke kālā - he mau hola wale nō ka waiwai, a no laila ua hoʻolei ʻia ke kālā, ua hoʻopau koke ʻia ke kālā a ʻaʻole loa i nā mea kahiko.
Ua wehe ʻia nā kaola a me nā hale pō he nui ʻole. Ua auwana nā kāne ʻōpio ma nā wahi ʻoliʻoli, e like me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana i ke ola o ke kaiāulu kiʻekiʻe. Ua makemake nā kānaka a pau e aloha i loko o ke kuni huhū huhū.
Ua loaʻa i ke aloha ke ʻano inflationary. Pono e hoʻohana i nā manawa i wehe ʻia, a pono ka lehulehu e hoʻolako iā lākou
Ua ʻike ʻia kahi "mea hou" o ke aloha. ʻO ia kahi holomua o ka mālama ʻole, ka wikiwiki, ka māmā hauʻoli o ke ola. Ua lilo nā hana aloha i mea maʻamau, e ulu ana i ka wikiwiki hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻole ʻia me ka ʻole o nā pōʻai. ʻO ka'ōpio, i ia mau makahiki i aʻo ai i ke aloha, lele i luna o ke aloha a hāʻule i loko o nā lima o ka cynicism. ʻAʻole wau a me koʻu mau hoa pili i kēia hanauna. He 15-16 ko makou mau makahiki, oia hoi, elua a ekolu makahiki opiopio.
Ma hope mai, ma ke ʻano he poʻe aloha me nā māka 20 i loko o kā mākou ʻeke, lili pinepine mākou i ka poʻe ʻelemakule a i kekahi manawa hoʻomaka i nā pāʻani aloha me nā manawa ʻē aʻe. A i ka makahiki 1923, e nānā wale ana mākou ma loko o ka lua kī, akā ua lawa nō hoʻi ia e hoʻopā ai ka ʻala o ia manawa i ko mākou ihu. Ua hiki mākou i kēia lā hoʻomaha, kahi e hele nei kahi pupule leʻaleʻa; kahi i noho ai ka poepoe i ka uhane oo, luhi luhi a me ke kino; kahi i inu ai i ka ruff mai nā ʻano cocktails like ʻole; Ua lohe mākou i nā moʻolelo mai nā ʻōpio liʻiliʻi a ua loaʻa iā mākou ka honi wela mai kahi kaikamahine i hana ʻia me ka wiwo ʻole.
Aia kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kālā. Ua mahuahua ka nui o ka poe noi i kela la i keia la. I kēlā me kēia lā ua paʻi ʻia nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka pepehi kanaka.
Ua hoʻopiha ʻia nā papa hoʻolaha me ka "makemake!" Ua ulu nui nā hoʻolaha e like me ka pōā a me ka ʻaihue. I kekahi lā ua ʻike au i kahi luahine - a i ʻole, he luahine - e noho ana ma luna o kahi noho o ka paka i kū pololei ʻole a ʻaʻohe ʻoni. Ua ʻākoakoa pū kekahi poʻe liʻiliʻi iā ia. "Ua make ʻo ia," wahi a kekahi mea hele. "Mai ka pololi," wahi a kekahi. ʻAʻole kēia i kāhāhā loa iaʻu. Pololi no hoi makou ma ka hale.
ʻAe, ʻo koʻu makua kāne kekahi o kēlā poʻe i maopopo ʻole i ka manawa i hiki mai ai, a i ʻole makemake ʻole e hoʻomaopopo. Pēlā nō, hōʻole ʻo ia i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kaua. Ua hūnā ʻo ia mai nā manawa e hiki mai ana ma hope o ka slogan "ʻAʻole pili ka luna Prussian i nā hana!" a ʻaʻole kūʻai i mau ʻāpana. I kēlā manawa, manaʻo wau he hōʻike ākea kēia o ka noʻonoʻo haiki, ʻaʻole i kūlike me ke ʻano o koʻu makuakāne, no ka mea, ʻo ia kekahi o ka poʻe akamai loa aʻu i ʻike ai. I kēia lā ua maopopo iaʻu iā ia. I keia la, ua hiki ia'u ke hoike aku i ka hoowahawaha a ko'u makuakane i hoole aku ai i keia mau hana ino hou a pau; I kēia lā hiki iaʻu ke ʻike i ka hoʻopailua paʻa o koʻu makuakāne, huna ʻia ma hope o nā wehewehe palahalaha e like me: ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka mea hiki ʻole ke hana. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o kēia kumu kiʻekiʻe i kekahi manawa ua degenerated i kahi farce. He pōʻino maoli paha kēia pāʻani inā ʻaʻole i ʻike koʻu makuahine i kahi ala e hoʻololi ai i ke kūlana e loli mau ana.
ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ke ola ma waho o ka ʻohana o kahi luna Prussian kiʻekiʻe. I ka lā kanakolukūmākahi a i ʻole ka lā mua o kēlā me kēia mahina, ua loaʻa i koʻu makuakāne kāna uku mahina, kahi a mākou i noho ai - ua lōʻihi ka emi ʻana o nā waihona kālā a me nā waihona kālā ma ka waihona mālama kālā. He aha ka nui maoli o kēia uku, he paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo; ua loli i kēlā me kēia mahina; ʻO kekahi manawa he haneli miliona he kālā kupanaha, ʻo kekahi manawa he hapalua piliona i lilo i hoʻololi ʻeke.
I kekahi hihia, ua hoʻāʻo koʻu makuakāne e kūʻai i kahi kāleka subway i ka hiki ke hiki iā ia ke hele i ka hana a me ka home no hoʻokahi mahina, ʻoiai ʻo nā huakaʻi subway he ala lōʻihi a he nui ka manawa i pau. A laila, mālama ʻia ke kālā no ka hoʻolimalima ʻana a me ke kula, a i ka ʻauinalā, hele ka ʻohana i ka lauoho. Ua hāʻawi ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau i koʻu makuahine - a i ka lā aʻe e ala ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa (koe wale nō koʻu makuakāne) a me ke kahu wahine i ka ʻehā a ʻelima paha o ke kakahiaka a hele ma ke kaʻa kaʻa i ka Central Market. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi kūʻai ikaika ma laila, a i loko o hoʻokahi hola i hoʻopau ʻia ka uku mahina o kahi ʻaha kūkā mokuʻāina maoli (oberregirungsrat) ma ke kūʻai ʻana i nā huahana lōʻihi. ʻO nā ʻuala nui, nā pōʻai o nā sausages puhi ʻia, nā ʻeke ʻuala - ua hoʻouka ʻia kēia mau mea a pau i kahi kaʻa. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka lumi o ke kaʻa, e lawe ke kaikamahine a me kekahi o mākou i ke kaʻa lima a lawe i nā meaʻai i ka home ma luna. Ma kahi o ka hola ʻewalu, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kula, ua hoʻi mai mākou mai ka Hale Paʻi Kūʻai ʻoi aku a mākaukau paha no ka hoʻopuni ʻana i kēlā me kēia mahina. A ʻo ia wale nō!
No hoʻokahi mahina ʻaʻohe o mākou kālā. Ua hāʻawi mai kekahi kahu palaoa kamaʻāina iā mākou ma ka ʻaiʻē. A no laila, noho mākou i ka ʻuala, nā ʻiʻo puhi, nā meaʻai hiki a me nā cubes bouillon. I kekahi manawa ua uku ʻia, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ko mākou ʻilihune ma mua o ka poʻe ʻilihune. ʻAʻole lawa kā mākou kālā no ka tikiki kaʻaahi a i ʻole ka nūpepa. ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke noʻonoʻo pehea e ola ai ko mākou ʻohana inā i hāʻule mai kekahi ʻano pōʻino ma luna o mākou: kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi a i ʻole kekahi mea like.
He wā paʻakikī a hauʻoli ʻole ia no koʻu mau mākua. ʻOi aku ka ʻokoʻa iaʻu ma mua o ka leʻaleʻa. Ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka huakaʻi kaʻapuni i ka home, ua hoʻohana koʻu makuakāne i ka hapa nui o kona manawa ma waho o ka home. Mahalo i kēia, ua loaʻa iaʻu nā hola he nui o ke kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa ʻole. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ʻeke kālā, akā ua lilo koʻu mau hoa kula kahiko i mea waiwai ma ke ʻano maoli o ka huaʻōlelo, ʻaʻole lākou i paʻakikī iki i ke kono ʻana iaʻu i kahi hoʻomaha pupule o kā lākou.
Ua ulu au i ka malama ole i ka ilihune o ko makou home a me ka waiwai o ko'u mau hoa. ʻAʻole au i huhū i ka mea mua a ʻaʻole au i lili i ka lua. Ua ʻike hou wau i kahi mea ʻē a kupaianaha. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua noho wau i kahi hapa wale nō o kaʻu "I" i kēia manawa, me ka ʻole o ka hoihoi a me ka hoʻowalewale i hoʻāʻo ai.
Ua ʻoi aku koʻu manaʻo i ka honua o nā puke aʻu i komo ai; Ua ale keia ao i ka hapa nui o ko'u noho ana
Ua heluhelu au iā Buddenbrooks lāua ʻo Tonio Kroeger, Niels Luhne lāua ʻo Malte Laurids Brigge, nā mele na Verlaine, Rilke mua, Stefan George a me Hoffmannsthal, Nowemapa na Flaubert a me Dorian Gray na Wilde, Flutes and Daggers na Heinrich Manna.
Ke hoʻololi nei au i mea like me nā kiʻi o ia mau puke. Ua lilo wau i ʻano mea ʻimi ʻimi maikaʻi i ka honua-luhi, decadent fin de siècle. ʻO kahi keikikāne ʻumikūmāono makahiki ʻano ʻāhiu a nānā ʻole ʻia, ua ulu aʻe mai kona lole, ʻoki maikaʻi ʻole ʻia, hele au i nā ala feverish, pupule o Berlin inflationary, e noʻonoʻo ana iaʻu iho he Mann patrician, i kēia manawa he Wilde dandy. ʻAʻole i kūʻē ʻia kēia manaʻo ponoʻī e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ke kakahiaka o ia lā hoʻokahi aʻu, me ke kaikamahine, ua hoʻouka i ke kaʻa lima me nā pōʻai paʻakai a me nā ʻeke ʻuala.
Ua kūpono ʻole paha kēia mau manaʻo? Heluhelu wale anei lakou? Ua maopopo he ʻumikūmāono makahiki ʻōpio mai ka hāʻule a hiki i ka pūnāwai e maʻa mau i ka luhi, pessimism, luhi a me ka melancholy, akā ʻaʻole lawa mākou i ʻike - ʻo wau ʻo mākou iho a me nā poʻe e like me aʻu - ua lawa ka nānā ʻana i ka honua me ka luhi. , kānalua, manaʻoʻole, hoʻohenehene iki e ʻike i loko o mākou iho i nā ʻano o Thomas Buddenbrock a ʻo Tonio Kröger paha? I ko kakou mau la i hala iho nei, he kaua nui, oia hoi, he paani kaua nui, a me ka puiwa o kona hopena, a me ka hoonaauao kalaiaina i ka wa o ka hookahuli aupuni i hoohoka loa i na mea he nui.
I kēia manawa he poʻe mākaʻikaʻi mākou a komo i ka nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā lula honua āpau, ka banekorupa o ka poʻe kahiko me ko lākou ʻike honua. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi mākou i nā ʻano manaʻo kūʻē a me nā manaʻoʻiʻo. No kekahi manawa he pacifists mākou, a laila nationalists, a ma hope aku ua hoʻohuli ʻia mākou e ka Marxism (he ʻano like me ka hoʻonaʻauao moe kolohe: ʻaʻole i mana ka Marxism a me ka hoʻonaʻauao wahine, ʻōlelo paha kekahi i ke kānāwai; a hana i hoʻokahi hewa: e noʻonoʻo i kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi, hōʻole ʻia e ka pono lehulehu, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa - aloha i kekahi hihia, mōʻaukala i kekahi). Ua aʻo mai ka make ʻana o Rathenau iā mākou i kahi haʻawina lokoino, e hōʻike ana i ke kanaka nui he make, a ʻo ka "Ruhr War" i aʻo mai iā mākou he ʻano maʻalahi nā manaʻo hanohano a me nā hana kānalua.
Aia kekahi mea i hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ko kākou hanauna? Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ka hoʻoulu ʻana ka nani o ke ola no ka ʻōpio. ʻAʻohe mea i koe akā ʻo ka mahalo i ka nani mau loa e ʻā ana ma nā paukū a George a me Hoffmannsthal; ʻAʻohe mea ʻē aʻe akā ka manaʻo hoʻokiʻekiʻe a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, aloha i nā moeʻuhane. A hiki i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻohe kaikamahine i hoʻāla i kaʻu aloha, akā ua hoʻolauna wau me kahi kanaka ʻōpio i kaʻana like i koʻu mau manaʻo a me ka predilections bookish. ʻO ia ka pili pili pathological, ethereal, wīwī, makemake nui i hiki i nā kāne ʻōpio ke hiki, a laila a hiki i nā kaikamahine i komo maoli i ko lākou ola. ʻAʻole hikiwawe ka hiki ke hiki i ia mau pilina.
Makemake mākou e kau ma nā alanui no nā hola ma hope o ke kula; ke aʻo nei i ke ʻano o ka loli ʻana o ke kālā, ke hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻōlelo maʻamau e pili ana i ke kūlana politika, poina koke mākou i kēia mau mea a hoʻomaka e kūkākūkā i nā puke me ka hauʻoli. Ua hana mākou i lula ma kēlā me kēia huakaʻi e nānā pono i kahi puke hou a mākou i heluhelu ai. Piha mākou i ka ʻoliʻoli makaʻu, ua ʻimi makaʻu mākou i nā ʻuhane o kekahi. ʻO ke kuni o ka hoʻonui kālā e ʻā ana a puni, ua nahā ka ʻaha kanaka me ka ʻaneʻane o ke kino, ua lilo ke aupuni Kelemania i mea ʻino i mua o ko mākou mau maka, a ʻo nā mea a pau he kumu no ko mākou noʻonoʻo hohonu, e ʻōlelo kākou, e pili ana i ke ʻano o ke akamai, e pili ana. ʻae ʻia ka nāwaliwali a me ka decadence no ka mea akamai.
A he aha ke ʻano o ia mea - poina ʻole!
Unuhi: Nikita Eliseev, hoʻoponopono ʻia e Galina Snezhinskaya
. Buke o Hale Paipalapala ʻo Ivan Limbach.