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ʻO kēlā me kēia hāʻule, hele ka poʻe aloha i ka "hunting mālie" i ka nahele e hoʻohui i "pono me ka leʻaleʻa". Me nā hele wāwae i ka ea hou a me ka mahalo i nā kala ʻulaʻula nani, hiki mau ke hōʻiliʻili i kahi ʻohi maikaʻi o nā kino hua. ʻO ia me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka lau e ʻike ʻia ai nā halo o ka hāʻule, mahalo nui ʻia no ko lākou ʻono maikaʻi a me ka versatility i ka kuke ʻana. Nui nā wahine hale e hoʻopaʻa mau i ka mālama ʻono o kēia mau halo no ka hoʻoilo, a hoʻomākaukau pū i nā kīʻaha like ʻole no ka ʻaina kakahiaka, ka ʻaina awakea a me ka ʻaina ahiahi.
ʻAʻole hoʻokahi wale nō nā halo o ka hāʻule i ʻike ʻia, akā he hui pū ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano, ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 i ka honua. Ma kahi o 10 mau ʻano o kēia mau kino hua e hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻāina o ka Federation, akā ʻo ia mau ʻike e makemake wale i nā ʻepekema, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i nā mea ʻohi hau. Ke hopohopo wale nei ka poʻe hope e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi honey agaric mai kahi hoʻopunipuni. A ʻo ka poʻe ʻohi halo ʻoi loa ka hiki ke ʻike he ʻokoʻa nā ʻano ʻano ʻai o nā ʻano halo o ke kauwela. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi kēia mau ʻokoʻa a pono e nānā hou nā loea i nā spores o ʻelua ʻano ʻano like ʻole no ka interbreeding ...
Hōʻike kā mākou ʻatikala i nā kiʻi a me nā wehewehe ʻana o nā halo o ka autumn edible. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike ma luna, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi manaʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia mau kino hua, ko lākou mau wahi ulu, a me ka wā hua. Ua koho mākou i nā ʻano o nā halo o ka hāʻule maʻamau i ko mākou ʻāina, ka mea kaulana loa i waena o nā mea ʻohi ʻohi.
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Autumn honey agaric (ʻoiaʻiʻo a hemp paha)
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ʻO ka hāʻule a i ʻole ka meli meli maoli ka mea kaulana loa i waena o nā ʻelele āpau o kāna ʻano. He ʻano ʻai ʻono loa kēia e hāʻawi pono iā ia iho i nā kaʻina hana like ʻole: pickling, paakai, maloʻo, maloʻo, palai, etc.
Palapala Latin: armillaria mellea.
Ohana: Физалакриевые (Physalacriaceae).
Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: ʻo ka meli meli maoli, ka hāʻule.
Pāpale: hiki i ke anawaena o 4-12 cm (i kekahi manawa a hiki i ka 15 a hiki i ka 17 knm), i ka mua convex, a laila wehe a lilo i palahalaha, e hana ana i nā ʻaoʻao wavy. I kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi tubercle, specks a i ʻole nā unahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi ma waenakonu o ka pāpale. Hiki ke kala ʻili mai ka beige a i ka ʻeleʻele meli a me ka hina-ʻeleʻele. Hōʻike ke kiʻi ma lalo nei i kahi halo mushroom autumn:
E hoʻomaopopo i ka wā ʻōpio, ua uhi ʻia ka ʻili o ka pāpale o ke kino hua me nā unahi keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi, e nalowale ana me ka makahiki.
Wāwae: lahilahi, fibrous, a hiki i 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a me 1-2 cm mānoanoa, hoʻonui iki i ke kumu. He māmā a melemele-ʻeleʻele paha ka ʻili, a ʻike ʻia kahi malu ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa. E like me ka pāpale, uhi ʻia ka wāwae me nā unahi māmā liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ulu pū nā halo o ka hāʻule me ko lākou mau wāwae ma ke kumu.
Pulp: i loko o nā'ōpiopio'ōpiopio heʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo,ʻoluʻolu i kaʻono a me kaʻala. Me ka makahiki, lilo ia i mea lahilahi, e loaʻa ana i kahi ʻano ʻala.
Nā Moʻolelo: kakaʻikahi, pili i ke kumu a i ʻole ke iho nāwaliwali. He mau papa keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha nā ʻōpio ʻōpio, e ʻeleʻele ana i ka makahiki a lilo i uhi ʻia me nā wahi ʻeleʻele. Eia hou, ua uhiʻia nā papa me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni, i loko o nā kino hua kahiko e puka mai ana mai ka pāpale, e kau ana ma ke kumu e like me ke apo.
noi: hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka kuke ʻana a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka mushroom, paʻakai, maloʻo a maloʻo. He mea ʻono ia i nā papa mua a me nā papa ʻelua, ʻaʻole i haʻahaʻa i ka ʻono a hiki i nā halo porcini a me nā halo. Eia kekahi, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻAi ʻai: edible mushroom category 3.
Nā mea like a me nā ʻokoʻa: hiki ke huikau me ka fleecy scaly. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka hope mai ka honey agaric maoli e ka nui o nā unahi ma ka ʻili o ke kino hua, a me kahi ʻala ʻala e hoʻomanaʻo ana i kahi radish. A ʻoiai ʻo ka flake no nā halo hiki ke ʻai (ma hope wale nō o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela), ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ia e like me ka hāʻule.
Hohola: mai ka subtropics a hiki i ka ʻĀkau, ʻaʻole ulu wale i ka permafrost zone. Loaʻa iā lākou ma nā ululāʻau maloʻo maloʻo: ma nā kumu, nā lāʻau hāʻule a me nā lālā. ʻO ka pinepine he parasite, e pili ana ma mua o 200 mau ʻano lāʻau a me nā kumu lāʻau, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he saprophytes, e noho ana ma luna o ka lāʻau make. Mai kāʻalo i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ululāʻau coniferous.
ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, ua kapa ʻia hoʻi nā halo hāʻule hemp. He kūpono kēia, no ka mea makemake lākou e ulu ma luna o nā kumu. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e pili ana ke kala o ke kino hua i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau i noho ai. No laila, hāʻawi ka poplar, acacia a mulberry paha i ka meli melemele i ka meli agaric, ʻoka - ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, elderberry - ʻeleʻele hina, a me nā lāʻau coniferous - ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula.
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He aha ke ʻano o nā halo o ka ʻĀkau: nā kiʻi a me nā wehewehe o nā wāwae a me nā pāpale
Aia kēia kiʻi a me ka wehewehe ʻana i nā halo o ka ʻūlū ʻākau – nā halo ʻai kaulana o ka genus Honey agaric.
Palapala Latin: ʻO Armillaria borealis.
Ohana: Physalacrye.
Pāpale: convex, 5-10 cm ke anawaena, melemele-ʻulaʻula a ʻalani-ʻulaʻula paha, hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia ka ʻoliva. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ke kikowaena o ka pāpale ma mua o nā ʻaoʻao. Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻili me nā unahi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka 1-2 mau leo ʻeleʻele ma mua o ke kala nui. ʻIke ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili nui o nā unahi ma ke kikowaena o ka pāpale. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao he ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi a ʻeleʻele, lepo melemele ʻeleʻele.
Wāwae: cylindrical, lahilahi, i kekahi manawa e hoʻonui i ke kumu, a hiki i 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 1,5 cm ka mānoanoa. He maloʻo ka ʻili, ʻeleʻele ke kala me ka pubescence melemele-keʻokeʻo. Aia kahi apo apo, ʻano ʻano o nā ʻano mea ʻai a pau, e lilo i membranous me ka makahiki, a ʻike ʻia nā unahi ma nā ʻaoʻao.
Hōʻike ke kiʻi i ke ʻano o nā halo o kēia ʻano ʻano:
Pulp: ʻoʻoleʻa, keʻokeʻo a i ʻole ka beige, hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo i ka huluhulu pulupulu i hoʻopili ʻia. Loaʻa iā ia ka ʻono a me ka ʻala ʻoluʻolu "mushroom".
Nā Moʻolelo: keʻokeʻo i nā ʻano ʻōpiopio, e lilo ana i ʻocher-cream me ka makahiki.
ʻAi ʻai: halo ʻai.
noi: kūpono no nā ʻano kuke a pau - ka paila, ka palai, ka ʻū, ka marinating, ka paʻakai, ka maloʻo a me ka hau. He paʻakikī ka wāwae o ka ʻūhā hāʻule, no laila ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia no ka kuke ʻana. Hoʻohana nui ia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻihoʻi i ke koko kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, he hopena hoʻomaha ko ka mushroom i ke kino, kōkua me ka radiation a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa.
Hohola: e ulu ana ma ko kakou Pae Aina, koe wale no ka Akau. Noho ma luna o ka lāʻau make, a me nā kumu o nā ʻano coniferous a me nā deciduous. Nui ka hua, no ka mea, ulu ka halo i nā ʻohana nui. ʻO ka pinepine hiki ke loaʻa ma ka birch, alder a me ka ʻoka, i kekahi manawa pili ia i nā kumu lāʻau. Hoʻomaka ka wā ʻohi i ʻAukake a hoʻopau i Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa, e pili ana i ka lewa.
Hāʻawi mākou iā ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mau kiʻi hou aʻe o nā halo o ka autumn edible:
ʻAi ʻia nā halo wāwae mānoanoa
Ma waena o nā halo o ka hāʻule hiki ke ʻai ʻia, he mea maʻamau nō hoʻi nā halo wāwae mānoanoa - kekahi o nā halo kaulana loa, i ʻohi maikaʻi ʻia ʻaʻole wale i loko o ka ululāʻau, akā ulu pū nō hoʻi ma kahi ʻoihana.
ʻO ka meli agaric mānoanoa-wāwae
Palapala Latin: Lute Armillary
Ohana: Physalacrye.
Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: Armillaria Bulbosa, Inflata.
Pāpale: anawaena mai 2,5 a 10 knm. I ka wā ʻōpiopio, loaʻa i ka haʻiki kahi pāpale conical ākea me nā ʻaoʻao i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a laila mānoanoa a hāʻule nā kihi, a ʻike ʻia kahi tubercle i waenakonu. He ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ka mua, huli melemele me ka makahiki. Aia ma luna o ka ʻili he nui nā unahi huluhulu melemele-'ōmaʻomaʻo a hina paha e mau ana i nā pākeke.
Wāwae: cylindrical me kahi ʻano lāʻau mānoanoa i ke kumu, uhi ʻia me nā unahi hina-melemele. He ʻeleʻele ka ʻili o ke kumu ma lalo a he melemele (keʻokeʻo i kekahi manawa) ma luna. ʻO ka "skirt" he membranous, keʻokeʻo, a laila haehaeʻia.
Hōʻike ʻia nā halo o ka autumn edible ma ke kiʻi:
Pulp: paʻapū, keʻokeʻo, me ka ʻala ʻoluʻolu, i kekahi manawa he ʻala cheesy.
Nā Moʻolelo: pinepine, iho iki, melemele, huli ʻeleʻele me ka makahiki.
ʻAi ʻai: halo ʻai.
Nā mea like a me nā ʻokoʻa: Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka meli agaric mānoanoa o ka hāʻule me ka fleecy scaly, kahi i ʻike ʻia e ka nui o nā unahi ma ka ʻili o ka pāpale. Eia hou, i kekahi manawa inexperienced mushroom pickers hiki huikau edible meli agaric me ka sulfur-yellow wahaheʻe meli agaric, a me conditionally edible brick ulaula honey agaric. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe apo poʻomanaʻo o nā ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ke kumu, ʻo ia ke ʻano o nā kino hua ʻai a pau.
Hohola: he saprophyte a ulu ma luna o ka mauʻu popopo, nā kumu popopo a me nā kumu lāʻau. Makemake ʻo ia i ka lāʻau kuni a me ka lāʻau make. Hoʻoulu i hoʻokahi kope, emi pinepine - ma nā hui liʻiliʻi. Eia kekahi, hiki ke ulu kēia ʻano halo ma kahi moena o nā nila spruce.
Manaʻo mākou e nānā i kahi wikiō e pili ana i nā halo o ka autumn:
Pehea a ma nā ululāʻau hea e ulu ai nā halo o ka hāʻule?
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ʻO ka manawa o nā halo o ka hāʻule e pili ana i nā kūlana climatic o kekahi wahi, a me ka wā i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ea wela a me ka haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā kūlana maikaʻi no ka nui o ka hua ʻana o nā halo i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano paʻa o ka ea i kēlā me kēia lā ma kahi o + 10 °. ʻO ka haʻi ʻana o ke ʻano o nā kino hua e hōʻike ana i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā halo o ka hāʻule. No laila, hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o nā halo i ka hopena o ʻAukake a hoʻopau i ka waena o ʻOkakopa. Ma kekahi mau ʻāina, hoʻomau ka hua ʻana o nā halo o ke kauwela a hiki i ka hopena o Nowemapa, inā mau ka mahana wela. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā kino hua e kū nui i ka mahina o Kepakemapa. Hoʻomaka kekahi nalu nui o ka huaʻai me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Kauka Indian". Eia kekahi, ulu ikaika nā ʻano mushroom i ka wā o ka ua nui a makemake i nā pua o Kepakemapa. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ulu wikiwiki nā halo o ka hāʻule, he mau lā wale nō ma hope o ka ua nui o ka ua, a hiki iā ʻoe ke hele no ka hōʻiliʻili hou ʻana.
Aneane e ulu ana nā ʻano halo o ka hāʻule i loko o nā pūʻulu nui ma nā kumu, nā kumu lāʻau hāʻule, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe nahele, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui, he parasites nā halo o ke kauwela, e noho ana ma luna o nā lāʻau ola a luku iā lākou. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau saprophytes i koho i ka lāʻau popopo make. I kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma lalo o ka ʻili o ka mea kanu i hoʻopilikia ʻia.
I loko o nā ululāʻau hea e ulu ai nā halo i ko mākou ʻāina? Ua ʻike ka nui o nā mea ʻohi ʻohi hauʻoli i kēia mau kino hua i nā nahele deciduous pulu. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia kā lākou hua nui i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe nahele. ʻO ka pinepine, ulu nā ʻōpala i nā ululāʻau deciduous, makemake i ka birch, alder, oak, aspen a me poplar. No ka mea he wahi nui ka ʻāina o kā mākou ʻāina me nā ululāʻau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me nā halo i kekahi o lākou.
Ma hea ʻē aʻe e ulu ai nā halo hāʻule?
A ma hea ʻē aʻe e ulu ai nā halo hāʻule, ma nā lāʻau hea? Hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia mau kino hua ma nā conifers. Eia naʻe, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ke ʻano o ke kala o nā pāpale a me ka ʻono o ka halo e like me ka lāʻau. No laila, e ulu ana ma kahi pine a spruce paha, loaʻa ka meli agaric i kahi kala ʻeleʻele a lilo i ʻawaʻawa i ka ʻono.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: i ka pō, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻālohilohi iki o ke kumu e ulu ai nā halo. Hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia hiʻohiʻona ma mua o ka hekili. ʻAʻole nā kino hua ponoʻī e hoʻopuka i ka ʻālohilohi, akā ʻo ka mycelium. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa iā lākou iho ma kahi kokoke i kēlā ʻano mea i ka pō, ʻae lākou he hiʻohiʻona nani loa kēia!