iʻa gourami

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka iʻa gourami

ʻO Gourami (Trichogaster) nā ʻelele o ka suborder Labyrinths (Anabantoidei) o ka ʻohana Macropod (Osphronemidae). ʻO ko lākou ʻāina hānau ʻo Asia Hema. Hiki i nā kāne ka lōʻihi o 15 cm.

Unuhi ʻia mai ka ʻōlelo o ka mokupuni ʻo Java, ʻo ka huaʻōlelo "gourami" ʻo ia hoʻi "he iʻa e hoʻokuʻu i kona ihu i waho o ka wai." Ua ʻike lōʻihi ka poʻe Hawaiʻi makaʻala i loko o ko lākou mau waihona pāpaʻu he nui nā iʻa e pono ai ke puka e ale i ka ea. ʻAe, he ea. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma waena o nā iʻa he mau mea kū hoʻokahi e hanu ʻaʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka oxygen i ka wai, e like me ka hapa nui o ko lākou ʻohana, akā ʻo ka ea lewa. A ma muli wale nō o kēia hiki iā lākou ke ola i loko o nā puddles a me nā mahi laiki. 

ʻO Gourami a me ko lākou mau ʻohana a pau he ʻano hanu kū hoʻokahi - he labyrinth aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā gills, me ke kōkua o ka iʻa e hanu i ka ea. ʻO ko lākou mau kūpuna paha i hele mua i ka ʻāina e hoʻomaka i ke ola honua. No ke kumu hoʻokahi, aia ka waha o ka gourami ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke poʻo - ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka iʻa e ale i ka ea mai ka ʻili a ʻai i nā ʻupena i hāʻule i loko o ka wai.

Ma ke ala, ʻo ka gourami maoli ʻaʻole nā ​​mea nani o ka aquarium, akā nui (a hiki i 70 cm) iʻa, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia e kekahi lawaiʻa India a Malay paha i ka hopu ʻana, no ka mea, he mea ʻono maoli lākou. Akā ua lilo nā ʻano liʻiliʻi i mea ʻike maoli no nā aquarists, no ka mea, ola ʻo gourami a hānai maikaʻi i ka pio ʻana a, ʻo ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole pono ka aeration o ka aquarium.

ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ka iʻa gourami he ʻupena ventral lōʻihi loa, ʻoi aku ka like me ka antenna a hana like me ka hana like - me ke kōkua ʻana, ʻike kēia poʻe noho o nā waihona lepo i ka honua ma ka hoʻopā ʻana.

Nā ʻano a me nā ʻano o nā iʻa gourami

Nui nā pilikia me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā gourami. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea aloha i ka aquarium i kapa ʻia he ʻano nui o nā iʻa aquarium labyrinth, aʻo 4 wale nō nā ʻano i ka gourami maoli: momi, ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula a me nā gourami marble. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau, e like me ka "grunting" a i ʻole "kissing" pili i nā ʻano iʻa, akā ʻaʻole naʻe he gourami maoli (1).

Momi gourami (Trichogaster leerii). Malia paha ka nani a kaulana i waena o nā aquarists. Hiki i kēia mau iʻa ke piʻi i ka 12 knm ka lōʻihi, a ua loaʻa iā lākou ko lākou inoa no ko lākou kala kupaianaha: me he mea lā ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou me nā momi makuahine o ka momi. ʻO ka leo nui o ka iʻa he brownish me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka lilac, keʻokeʻo nā kiko me kahi aniani. He kaha ʻeleʻele e holo ana ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa ma ka laina waena.

Moon gourami (Trichogaster microlepis). ʻAʻole i emi iki ka maikaʻi. A ʻoiai ʻaʻohe wahi ʻōlinolino ma luna o ia mea, ʻo ka unahi, he ʻulaʻula me ka ʻulaʻula poni, e hoʻohālike i kēia mau iʻa e like me nā phantoms i ulana ʻia mai ka noe. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka Moon gourami ma mua o ka gourami momi a ʻaʻole hiki ke ulu a hiki i 10 knm.

ʻIke ʻia nā gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus). ʻO nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā aquarists. ʻO ka mea nui, a no ka ʻokoʻa o kā lākou kala. Hele mai ia i ka uliuli a me ke gula. Hoʻopuehu ʻia nā wahi ʻeleʻele ma luna o ke kāʻei kala, ʻike ʻole ʻia ka iʻa i loko o ka ululāʻau o nā mea kanu wai.

ʻO ka moʻo kaulana loa i kēia ʻano marble gourami. I ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻo kēia mau iʻa, hiki i ka lōʻihi o 15 knm, ua like maoli me ke kinikini keʻokeʻo me nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. Mahalo nui ʻia ka pua e nā mea aloha i ka iʻa aquarium.

Palaunu gourami (Trichogaster pectoralis). Ua pena ʻia ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi ma mua o nā kaikunāne i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna a, kokoke paha i kona mau kūpuna hihiu. I loko o kahi aquarium, ulu ia a hiki i 20 cm, akā i ka nahelehele ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he kala kala me ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma ke kino, akā he ʻulaʻula (2).

ʻO ke kūpono o ka iʻa gourami me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe

ʻO Gourami kekahi o nā iʻa maluhia loa. ʻAʻole like me ko lākou ʻohana pili, bettas, ʻaʻole lākou makemake e hoʻonohonoho i nā hakakā hōʻike a mākaukau e hoaaloha me nā hoalauna i loko o ka aquarium. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻike i ka huhū, ʻaʻole e hoʻāʻo e hōʻino i nā ʻohana aloha. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e kanu iā lākou me nā iʻa kūwaho.

Ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa gourami i loko o kahi aquarium

ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻia ʻo Gourami i ka iʻa no ka poʻe hoʻomaka, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ola i nā ʻano āpau. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole e anuanu ka wai (inā ʻaʻole e lilo kēia poʻe noho o ka tropics i ka lethargic a hiki ke loaʻa i ke anu) ʻaʻohe mea e pale iā lākou mai ka lana ʻana i ka ʻili e ale i ka ea. Akā, ʻaʻole pono ka mea hoʻoheheʻe e hoʻoheheʻe i ka oxygen i loko o ka wai no ka gourami.

ʻO ka mālama iʻa gourami

He mea maʻalahi loa ka mālama ʻana iā Gourami a e hauʻoli i kā lākou mau mea nona no hoʻokahi makahiki, inā lākou e hahai i nā lula kumu.

Ka nui o ka aquarium

ʻAʻole koi nui ʻo Gourami i ka nui o ka wai. No ka ʻohana o 6 – 8 iʻa, kūpono kahi aquarium 40 l (3). Inā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka leo, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi pinepine i ka wai i ʻole ia e haumia i nā huahana decomposition o ka meaʻai ʻai ʻole - pono e hoʻololi hou ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi o 1/1 o ka nui o ka aquarium i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule, ʻoiai e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia. e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i lalo me ka hose. Pono e pale mua i ka wai.

No ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻiliʻili liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​pōpō aniani ʻulaʻula ma lalo o ka aquarium. Makemake ʻo Gourami i nā mea kanu wai e peʻe ai, no laila e kanu i nā lāʻau.

ʻO ke anahana wai

Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, noho ʻo gourami i nā loko pāpaʻu a hoʻomehana ʻia i ka lā, no laila, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o lākou i ka wai mahana. ʻO ka mahana maikaʻi loa a hiki i ka 27 - 28 ° C. Ma nā kūlana o nā hale noho, kahi e hiki ai ke anuanu i ka wā o waho, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea wela hou. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o ka wai, ʻo ka mahana o 20 ° C wale nō, e make ka iʻa, akā ʻaʻole lākou e ʻoluʻolu.

He aha ka mea e hānai ai

ʻO Gourami he mea ʻono loa. Akā, i ke koho ʻana i meaʻai na lākou, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he liʻiliʻi loa ka waha o kēia mau iʻa, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke nahu i nā ʻāpana nui. Ua kūpono nā meaʻai ola liʻiliʻi no lākou: bloodworm, tubifex, a i ʻole nā ​​mea i ʻoki ʻia i mua, aia nā mea āpau e pono ai no ke olakino iʻa.

Hana hou i ka iʻa gourami ma ka home

Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e kiʻi i nā hua mai kāu iʻa, pono ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi aquarium kūikawā o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (e pili ana i 30 lita). ʻAʻole pono ka lepo ma laila, ʻaʻole pono ka aeration, akā e hiki mai ana kekahi mau pūpū a i ʻole snags a me nā mea kanu e lana ana ma luna o ka ʻili. 

Hiki iā Gourami ke hoʻohua ma kahi o 1 makahiki. Pono e kanu ʻia nā kāne āu e makemake ai e ʻai i loko o kahi aquarium i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. Pono ʻoe e ninini liʻiliʻi i ka wai ma laila - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 15 cm, akā ʻoi aku ka mahana ma mua o ka aquarium nui.

ʻO ka mea i koe e nānā i ka hōʻike kupaianaha. Ke ho'āʻo nei nā iʻa ʻelua e hōʻike iā lākou iho mai ka ʻaoʻao maikaʻi loa: ʻoi aku ka ʻoi o ko lākou kala ʻana, hoʻolalelale lākou i kā lākou mau hope a hōʻike i mua o kekahi. A laila hoʻomaka ka makua kāne i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūnana pua. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻūhā, nā ʻōhū ea a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu. A laila hoʻokomo pono ka gourami kāne i kēlā me kēia hua i loko o ka hue i manaʻo ʻia nona. 

Eia naʻe, mau ka idyll a hiki i ka hānau ʻana o ka palai. Ma hope o kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kanu ʻana i ke kāne, no ka mea, poina koke ʻo ia i nā hana āpau a kona makuakāne a hiki ke wehe i ka ʻimi no nā pēpē.

Nā nīnau a me nā pane kaulana

Pane i nā nīnau a nā aquarists e pili ana i ka ʻike o ka gourami ka mea nona ka hale kūʻai holoholona ʻo Konstantin Filimonov.

Kumuwaiwai o

1. Grebtsova VG, Tarshis MG, Fomenko GI Nā holoholona i loko o ka hale // M .: Nui Encyclopedia, 1994
2. Shkolnik Yu.K. Iʻa aquarium. Complete Encyclopedia // Moscow, Eksmo, 200
3. Rychkova Yu. Mea hana a me ka hoʻolālā o ka aquarium // Veche, 2004